塔北哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系一间房组碳酸盐岩岩心裂缝类型及期次  

Types and episodes of fractures in carbonate cores from the Ordovician Yijianfang Formation in the Halahatang area,northern Tarim Basin

作　　者：高计县[1,2] 唐俊伟[2] 张学丰[3] 陶小晚[2] 杨云坤[1,2] 陈志勇[2] 宋新民[2,3] 刘波[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [3]北京大学石油与天然气研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《石油学报》2012年第1期64-73,共10页Acta Petrolei Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目"保持性成岩作用与深部碳酸盐岩储层保存机理"(No.41002029);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科研项目"哈拉哈塘奥陶系优化评价与油气富集区优选"(112506hx00230001)资助

摘　　要：塔里木盆地北部哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩是重要的岩溶型储层,储集空间主要是溶蚀孔洞和多期构造作用形成的裂缝。以6口典型钻井为代表,在岩心尺度上研究了哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系一间房组裂缝发育特征、成因类型和发育期次,总结了裂缝对储层的影响。哈拉哈塘地区一间房组岩心裂缝主要可分为近直立缝、斜交缝、水平缝、网状缝和不定向缝5种类型,其中近直立缝和斜交缝为构造缝,水平缝和不定向缝为成岩缝,网状缝为叠合成因缝。这些裂缝主要发育于中加里东期、晚加里东期、早海西期和中晚海西期4个构造作用期。其中,中加里东期发育的不定向缝全部被亮晶方解石全充填,其他时期发育的裂缝大多为未完全充填的有效缝。裂缝的发育不但增加了碳酸盐岩有效储集空间,连通了孤立孔洞,而且裂缝作为流体运移通道,还影响了储层的后期改造作用。各类裂缝构成的网状裂缝系统有效地提高了哈拉哈塘地区一间房组储层段储渗性能。Ordovician carbonate rocks in the Halahatang area of the northern Tarim Basin are important karstic reservoirs,where their reserving space is mainly corroded cavities and fractures formed by multi-episode tectonic movements.Based on the analysis of cores from six typical drilling wells,we studied genetic types,developmental episodes and characteristics of fractures in carbonate rocks of the Yijianfang Formation in the Halahatang area and their influences on the development of reservoirs.There are mainly five types of fractures in carbonate rocks,including near vertical,oblique crossing,horizontal,netted and undirectional fractures,of which the former two types of fractures are of structural genesis,the horizontal and undirectional fractures are diagenetic fractures while the netted fracture is of superimposed origin.All the fractures developed mainly in the Middle Caledonian,Late Caledonian,Early Hercynian and Middle-Late Hercynian structural periods.Most of them are effective fractures because of incomplete filling except for the undirectional fracture formed in the Middle Caledonian that is completely filled with sparry calcite.The development of fractures not only increases effective reserving space of carbonates and connects isolated caverns,but also further benefits the fluid migration and late alteration of reservoirs.A netted system of various fractures in carbonate rocks has effectively improved the porosity and permeability of reservoirs in the Yijianfang Formation.

关 键 词：碳酸盐岩 裂缝 成因类型 期次 储层 奥陶系 哈拉哈塘地区 

分 类 号：TE112.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]