青海草地载畜量计算方法与载畜压力评价  

THE EVALUATION OF CARRYING CAPACITY OF GRASSLAND IN QINGHAI

作　　者：辛有俊[1] 杜铁瑛[1] 辛玉春[1] 吴阿迪[1] 陆福根[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省草原总站,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《青海草业》2011年第4期13-22,共10页Qinghai Prataculture

基　　金：青海省自筹项目:青海省草地资源调查(青农草[2007]260号)

摘　　要：青海草地资源理论载畜量为1608.08×104羊单位。其中,天然草地载畜量为1282.84×104羊单位,人工草地载畜量为224.78×104羊单位,农作物秸秆载畜量为104.45×104羊单位,分别占理论载畜总量的79.77%、13.73%和6.50%。与全省2009年度存栏牲畜3020.05×104羊单位相比,超载1411.97×104羊单位,超载率87.81%,属重度超载,草地载畜压力指数为1.88。经畜、草平衡分析,青海牧区19个县共计需要减畜1183.26×104羊单位,减畜幅度为60.71%。According to survey, the theoretic livestock carrying capacity of Qinghai grassland is 1608.08 ×10^4 sheep units, including 1282.84 ×10^4 sheep units of natural grassland, 224.78 ×10^4 sheep units of artificial grassland, and 104.45 ×10^4 sheep units of crop straw, accounting for 79.77% ,13.73% ,and 6.50% of total theoretic livestock capacity, respectively. Comparing with the actual livestock population （3020.05 ×10^4 sheep units） in 2009, there were 1411.97 ×10^4 overgrazing sheep units, with an overgrazing rate of 87.81% and grassland livestock carrying pressure index of 1.88, which suggests a state of severe overgrazing. Based on the carrying capacity and balance analysis result, the 19 pastoral counties of Qinghai should decrease their livestock population by 1183.26 ×10^4 sheep units, with a 60.71% of decrease rate.

关 键 词：草地 载畜量 计算方法 载畜压力 

分 类 号：S812.5[农业科学—草业科学]