滴灌春麦水肥一体化肥效试验研究  

Study on Water and Fertilizer Coupling of Drip Irrigation Spring Wheat

作　　者：尹飞虎[1] 曾胜和[1] 刘瑜[1] 张磊[1] 高志建[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院农田水利与土壤肥料研究所,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2011年第12期2299-2303,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"计划"主要粮食作物滴灌关键技术与装备";新疆兵团科技成果转化项目(2010ZH04);新疆兵团重大科技攻关项目(GKBOONKYGJ12NY);公益性行业农业科研专项(20120312)

摘　　要：【目的】研究春麦在滴灌条件下的水肥利用情况,为滴灌春麦科学施肥提供技术支撑。【方法】通过大田试验,采用"3414"试验方案研究随水施肥对肥料利用率及小麦经济、生物产量的影响。【结果】滴灌春麦至开花期对氮、磷、钾肥吸收量已达全生育期的78.1%、82.14%和84.9%;施用等量氮、磷、钾肥(N240P52.5K37.5),滴灌施肥较常规施肥氮、钾利用率分别提高了4.7%和3.2%,但磷素差异不大。单一肥料氮肥的作用最大,其次是磷肥;随施氮量的增加,小麦产量得到提高,但过多施入氮肥产量反而下降;氮肥农学效率和偏生产力则随氮肥增加呈递减趋势。【结论】春麦采用水肥滴灌模式可提高肥料利用率并增加小麦产量。【Objective】 To study the spring wheat in drip irrigation water and fertilizer utilization,and to provide scientific and technical support for fertilization in wheat of the drip irrigation.【Method】A field trial was carried out to study the effect of fertilizer utilization with water on and economic and biological yield of spring wheat by using ＂3414＂ incomplete test scheme of N,P and K fertilizer.【Result】Spring wheat of drip irrigation uptaking nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium from seedling to flowering stage has reached the whole growth period uptake of 78.1%,82.14%,84.9%;Use the same amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium（N240P52.5K37.5）.Nitrogen,potassium fertigation compared with conventional utilization increased by 4.7% and 3.2%,but phosphorus is insignificant.Spring wheat yield was improved with the nitrogen increased,but too much nitrogen fertilizer into the the field would get the opposite result;nitrogen agronomic efficiency and partial productivity is increased with the decrease of nitrogen.【Conclusion】 Using water and fertilizer drip irrigation methods in spring wheat can improve fertilizer efficiency and increase wheat yield.

关 键 词：滴灌 春麦 产量 农学效率 偏生产力 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]