人工合成油菜与栽培油菜F1主要性状的杂种优势  

Performance of hybrids derived from resynthesized and cultivated rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)

作　　者：赵永国[1] 肖玲[1] 卢长明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,农业部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点开放实验室,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2011年第6期540-544,共5页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家863计划(2008AA10Z152)

摘　　要：以4个人工合成甘蓝型油菜(Resynthesized rapeseed lines,RS)与4个栽培油菜(Brassica napus,BN)为亲本,按Grifings I法进行完全双列杂交,将产生的56个F1组合分为人工合成种×人工合成种(RS×RS)、人工合成种与栽培油菜杂交种(NRF1)和栽培油菜×栽培油菜(BN×BN)三种类型,并系统分析NRF1农艺性状和产量性状的杂种优势。结果表明,与对照中双10号(ZS10)相比,NRF1在株高、分枝高、分枝长、分枝数和主花序长等农艺性状表现出较高的优势。32个NRF1组合的单株产量中,有7个表现正向对照优势,占22%,其中05R1×XY15的单株产量为24.47g,在所有参试材料中居第二位,说明人工合成甘蓝型油菜杂种优势具有利用可能性。产量组成因子分析结果表明,NRF1的平均单株角果数(436.96)极显著高于RS×RS(416.19)和BN×BN组合(370.89);千粒重在三种类型组合中无显著差异;每角粒数则表现为BN×BN(17.35)>NRF1(11.58)>RS×RS(8.28),说明每角粒数是NRF1杂种产量与产量杂种优势的主要限制因子。An 8×8 complete diallel experiment using four Brassica napus cultivars（BN） and four resynthesized rapeseed lines（RS） as parents was designed to study heterosis.All 56 F1 combinations were categorized into RS×RS,F1 crossed by natural and resynthesized parents（NRF1） and BN×BN types.The results showed NRF1 had greater positive heterosis than check（ZS10） in plant height,primary branches and length of main inflorescence.There were seven NRF1 which showed positive check heterosis in seed yield per plant,accounting for 22%,among which 05R1×XY15 had the second highest seed yield per plant in all the 32 combinations,indicating that NRF1 had great potential in increasing seed yield.The NRF1 had many more pods per plant（436.96）than RS×RS（416.19）and BN×BN（370.89）types,and had fewer seeds per pod（11.58） than BN×BN（17.35）.1 000-seed weight is normal in NRF1,seeds per pod is the limiting factor in increasing plant yield.

关 键 词：人工合成甘蓝型油菜 农艺性状 产量 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S565.403[农业科学—作物学]