林区地形条件对GPS定位精度的影响  

Effect of Forested Terrain on the Positioning Accuracy of GPS

作　　者：徐文兵[1,2] 李卫国[3] 汤孟平[1,2] 高飞[4] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江临安311300 [2]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江临安311300 [3]石家庄经济学院勘查技术学院,河北石家庄050031 [4]合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2011年第3期19-24,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"基于GIS的森林空间结构调控研究"(30871963);浙江省科技计划一般项目"基于GIS与二类调查数据的森林景观可视化关键技术研究"(2009C32063);浙江省高等学校优秀青年教师资助计划项目"单基站CORS系统定位可用性检测与分析";浙江农林大学校科研基金项目"单基站CORS系统构建与定位精度可靠性检测的研究"(2351001073)

摘　　要：在林区周边多种地形中布设试验点,通过实地测量,探讨地形因子对高性能GPS接收机单点定位和GPS-RTK定位精度的影响。研究表明：两种常用的GPS测量方式同一时间段观测值有一定的聚集性,不同时段之间会产生整体性偏差;Trimble 5800 GPS接收机单点定位在不同地形中测量的内外符合精度为0.512~4.465 m,受山体和建筑物的影响较大,较空旷区域中可以达到分米级精度;RTK技术在观测条件较好时,平面中误差大多在1 cm以内,高程中误差为1~3 cm,上午、下午两个时段定位精度相近,在郁闭度较高的林中观测精度较低,只有亚米级,高程精度更低,大多历元得不到固定解,在山谷等更恶劣的地形中,甚至得不到浮动解。Test points in various forest terrain were set up for studing effect of topographical factors on accuracy of single point positioning with high-performance GPS receiver and GPS-RTK.The result showed that two kinds of GPS observations had aggregation at the same period and integrity deviation between different periods.Internal and external accord accuracy of single point positioning with Trimble 5 800 in different terrain was 0.512-4.465 m,and influenced by the building and mountain.Better precision could reach decimeter in open area.Mean square error of RTK technology was mostly 1-3 cm,in good terrain condition and the positioning accuracy was similar in the morning and afternoon,but it was lower in closed forest and had not even float solution in bad terrain as valley.

关 键 词：单点定位 GPS-RTK 地形条件 内符合精度 外符合精度 

分 类 号：S758[农业科学—森林经理学]