矮密栽培红枣树生物量及养分积累动态研究  

Study on biomass and nutrient accumulation of Zizyphus jujube tree under dwarfing and high density culture

作　　者：王泽[1] 盛建东[1] 陈波浪[1] 李建贵[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2012年第1期169-175,共7页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：自治区科技厅支撑计划课题(201031103);自治区科技厅条件平台建设项目(PT1009);国家林业局重点推广项目(2010TK77);新疆自治区土壤学;森林培育重点学科资助

摘　　要：以矮密栽培模式下5年树龄红枣树为研究对象,在枣树不同生育期内,采用刨根、分解取样和室内常规分析的方法,研究红枣树生物量及养分积累动态变化规律。结果表明,年周期内红枣树生物量净增加2090.1 g,全年果实干物质量增加了1177.2 g,占全年净增生物量的56.3%。果实膨大期是整株生物量积累最快的时期,其积累速率为21.80 g/d。土壤剖面10—20 cm土层根系氮磷钾元素含量普遍高于其他层根系,主根最大氮、磷、钾元素含量分别为13.81、6.41、11.61 g/kg;侧根最大氮、素、钾元素含量分别为10.20、4.91、12.90 g/kg。整株枣树在各时期氮素、磷素、钾素积累量大小顺序均为果实成熟期>果实膨大期>幼果期>开花期>萌芽前期。植株氮素、磷素、钾素积累大小顺序为钾>氮>磷,每生产1000 kg红枣果实,需要吸收氮、磷和钾素分别为21.03、8.60和31.92 kg。Zizyphus jujube trees at age of five under dwarfing and high density cultivation are selected to study the dynamic changes of nutrient accumulation. The outdoor sampling and general analysis method indoor were adopted to carry out the research. The results slaow that the net increase of Zizyphus jujube tree biomass and the accumulated amount of dry fruit weight are 2090. 1 g and 1177.2 g respectively in annual period, which account for 56.3% of the annual net increase of biomass. The fastest accumulation period of Zizyphus jujube biomass is at the fruit expan- ding stage and the accumulate rate is 21.80 g/d. The N, P and K contents of the root system in 10 -20 cm soil lay- er are higher than those of other soil layers. The N, P and K contents of the taproots are 13.81 g/kg, 6. 41 g/kg and 11.61g/kg in 10-20 cm soil layer, and those of the lateral roots are 10. 20 g/kg, 4. 91 g/kg and 12. 90 g/kg. The accumulation amounts of whole Zizyphus jujube trees at various periods are in order： fruit harvest stage 〉 fruit expanding stage 〉 young fruit stage 〉 flower stage 〉 early bud stage. The sequence of the nutrient accumulation in the whole plants is K 〉 N 〉 P. To attain 1000 kg economic yield, Zizyphusjujube trees should uptake N 21.03 kg, P 8.60 kg and K 31.92 kg.

关 键 词：矮密栽培 红枣树 生物量 养分积累 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学] S606.2[农业科学—园艺学]