桔梗氮、磷、钾施肥效应与施肥模式研究  

Effects and models of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization for Platycodon grandiflorum

作　　者：王静[1] 王渭玲[1] 徐福利[2] 曹鲜艳[1] 石福高[1] 张晓虎[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学,中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]商洛学院生物医药工程系,中国中医科学院商洛中药材GAP科研工程中心,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2012年第1期196-202,共7页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：“十一五”国家支撑计划项目(2007BAD79B06);陕西省2011年科学技术研究发展计划中药材规范化种植基地建设项目(2011K16-01-05)资助

摘　　要：采用氮、磷、钾3因素2次D-饱和最优设计(310),通过大田试验建立了氮、磷、钾施肥量与桔梗产量和总皂苷含量的效应函数。结果表明,氮、磷、钾肥对桔梗产量的影响大小依次为氮肥>钾肥>磷肥;氮、磷、钾肥对桔梗总皂苷含量的影响大小依次为氮肥>磷肥>钾肥。对各效应函数进行频率分析法寻优结果表明,桔梗目标产量在4200～4800 kg/hm2,95%置信区间的优化施肥量为N 83.72～119.41 kg/hm2、P2O564.10～134.39 kg/hm2、K2O 78.80～147.20 kg/hm2;桔梗总皂苷含量在5.5%以上,95%置信区间的优化施肥量为N 113.37～140.12kg/hm2、P2O585.96～153.44 kg/hm2、K2O 76.86～136.38 kg/hm2;桔梗高产优质高效栽培最优施肥量为N 113.37～119.41 kg/hm2、P2O585.96～134.39 kg/hm2、K2O 78.80～136.38 kg/hm2,N、P2O5、K2O的最优施用量配比为1∶0.72～1.18∶0.66～1.20。The effect functions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application codes on the yield and total sapo- nin of Platycoclon grandiflorum were established by conducting field experiments using three-factor D-saturation op- timal design （310）. The results show that the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on yield and total sap- onin are nitrogen 〉 potassium 〉 phosphorus and nitrogen 〉 phosphorus 〉 potassium respectively. The results of the frequency analysis show that for the target yield between 4200 and 4800 kg/ha and confidence interval 95% , the optimal fertilizer application rates of N, P2O5 and K2O, are 83.72 -119.41, 64. 10 -134. 39 and 78.80 - 147.20 kg/ha respectively, and for the total saponin content over 5.5%, the optimal fertilizer application rates are 113.37 -140. 12, 85.96 -153.44 and 76. 86 -136. 38 kg/ha, respectively. Consequently, the optimal fertilizer application rates for both high yield and high quality of Platycodon grandiflorum are 113.37 -119.41, 85.96 - 134. 39 and 78.80-136. 38 kg/ha, respectively. The corresponding fertilizer ratio of N ： P2O5：K2O is 1：0. 72 - 1.18 ： 0. 66 -1.20.

关 键 词：桔梗 产量 总皂苷含量 效应函数 最优施肥模式 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]