甲醛累积接触对工人外周血淋巴细胞微核率的影响  

The increase of micronuclei frequencies of peripheral blood lymphocyte in plywood workers exposed accumulatively to formaldehyde

作　　者：郭瑶静[1] 林大枫[1] 易继湖[2] 旷聃[1] 邓华欣[1] 李晓海[1] 张志虎[2] 邬堂春[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,武汉430030 [2]山东省职业卫生与职业病防治研究院

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2012年第1期17-20,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划（2006BA106802）.

摘　　要：目的 探讨职业性甲醛接触对工人外周血淋巴细胞微核率（CBMN）的影响.方法 选择山东省某人造密度板厂2个有代表性的车间,使用高效液相色谱法测定空气甲醛浓度,采集236名工人的外周静脉血,酶联免疫分析法测定内暴露标志物血清甲醛-白蛋白加合物（FA-HSA）的含量,根据内暴露标志物的三分位数将人群分为低、中、高水平3个接触组,用胞质分裂阻滞法微核试验检测外周血淋巴细胞遗传物质的损伤情况.结果 低甲醛接触车间和高甲醛接触车间的平均空气甲醛含量分别为（0.58：±-0.20）、（1.48±0.61）mg/m3,接触工人血清中FA-HSA平均水平分别为（69.22±15.37）、（136.29±89.49）pg/ml,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.低、中、高接触组工人外周血淋巴细胞CBMN分别为1.94‰±1.72％、2.10‰±1.92‰、2.10‰±1.70‰,各组间CBMN的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.低、中、高累积接触水平组CBMN分别为1.36‰±1.36％o、2.31o±：1.81‰、2.49‰±1.92‰,不同累积接触水平组工人外周血淋巴细胞CBMN的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.Spearman相关分析发现人群CBMN与甲醛接触量呈明显正相关（r=0.321,P＜0.01）.Logistics回归分析显示,甲醛累积接触量是接触工人高CBMN的危险因素（Ptrend=0.002）.结论 血清FA-HSA能够用作内暴露指标评价甲醛接触工人的个体接触水平；甲醛的累积接触导致接触工人外周血淋巴细胞CBMN增加.Objective To investigate the effects of occupational exposure to formaldehyde on the micronuclei frequencies in peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers.Methods Two hundred thirty six plywood workers were divided into 3 exposure groups（low,middle and high）according to internal exposure biomarker （formaldehyde human serum albumin conjugate,FA-HSA）,which was detected by ELISA.The concentrations of formaldehyde（FA）in air of two workshops were measure using the high performance liquid chromatography.Cytokinesis-block micronucleus（CBMN）test was used to detect the micronuclei frequencies of peripheral blood lymphocyte in 236 workers.Results The average concentrations of FA in the low and high exposure workshops were 0.58±0.20 and 1.48±0.61 mg/m3,respectively,there was significant difference（P〈0.01）.The average concentrations of serum FA-HAS of workers in two workshops were 69.22±15.37 and 136.29±89.49 pg/ml,respectively,there was significant difference（P〈0.01）.The results of CBMN test showed that the micronucleus frequencies in low,middle and high exposure groups were 1.94± 1.72,2.10± 1.92 and 2.10± 1.70 ‰,respectively,there were no significant differences between groups.However,the micronucleus frequencies in accumulative low,middle and high exposure groups were 1.36±1.36,2.31 ±1.81 and 2.49±1.92 w,respectively,there were significant differences between different accumulative exposure groups（P〈0.01）.The results of correlation analysis indicated that there was a positive correlation between accumulative exposure levels and micronucleus frequencies（r,=0.321,P〈0.01）.The accumulative exposure doses may be a risk factor for high micronucleus frequencies in workers exposed to FA（Ptrend=0.002）.Conclusion FA-HSA levels can serve as an internal exposure biomarker for assessing the exposure level of workers exposed to FA.Accumulative formaldehyde exposure resulted in an increase of micronuclei frequencies of peripheral blood lymphocyte in plywood workers.

关 键 词：甲醛 职业暴露 微核试验 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]