定向喷嘴布置对PDC钻头齿清洗能力的影响  

Effects of directional nozzle layout on the cleaning ability of PDC bit tooth

作　　者：黄英勇[1] 李根生[1] 付加胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室

出　　处：《石油机械》2012年第1期1-3,12,共4页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目"深井复杂地层安全高效钻井基础研究"(2010CB226700)

摘　　要：PDC钻头齿的清洗能力对PDC钻头破岩和清岩影响很大,定向喷嘴则有利于钻头齿的清岩,研究定向喷嘴的布置具有重要意义。使用数值模拟的方法研究了定向喷嘴数量、孔径、喷速等因素对PDC钻头齿清洗效果的影响。研究结果表明,5喷嘴的PDC钻头齿清洗能力较强;钻头齿清洗能力随喷嘴孔径增大而增强;喷射角小的喷嘴射流流场不利于流体向上举升岩屑。将定向喷嘴优化并配合常规水力结构设计可以在PDC钻头预防和清除泥包方面发挥自身的优势,最终达到提高机械钻速的目的。The cleaning ability of the PDC bit tooth has remarkable effect on its rock breaking and cuttings cleaning.The directional nozzle is favorable to the cuttings cleaning of the bit tooth.Therefore,research on the directional nozzle layout is of great significance.The numerical simulation method was adopted to study the effects of the number of the nozzles,aperture and jet velocity on the cleaning effect of the tooth.The findings show that the cleaning ability of the five-nozzle PDC bit tooth is relatively strong.The cleaning ability increases with the increase of the nozzle aperture.The jet flow field of the nozzle with a small jet angle is unfavorable to the fluid's lifting cuttings.The optimization of the directional nozzle supported by the design of ordinary hydraulic structure can make the PDC bit play its role in preventing and eliminating the bit balling,and finally the purpose of improving penetration rate can be achieved.

关 键 词：PDC钻头 泥包 定向喷嘴 喷嘴布置 清洗能力 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TE921.03[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]