我国森林生态补偿立法存在的问题与对策  

Legislation Problems of Forestry Ecological Compensation and Countermeasures

作　　者：韦贵红[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学人文社会科学学院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报（社会科学版）》2011年第4期14-20,共7页Journal of Beijing Forestry University ：Social Sciences

基　　金：清华-台达环境法访问学者项目资助

摘　　要：早在20世纪90年代初,我国就开始了森林生态补偿机制问题的理论研究和实践探索,颁布了一系列的法规,逐步建立了森林生态效益补偿制度,并在实施过程中不断地调整和改进。目前,我国森林生态补偿立法存在生态补偿内涵与外延的界定不清、补偿范围窄、补偿标准低、补偿资金来源渠道单一及缺乏市场化机制等问题。建议生态补偿立法应明确界定生态补偿的主体、建立科学的补偿标准、采取政府补偿与市场补偿相结合的补偿方式;完善立法,为加强森林生态补偿工作提供强有力的法律保障。在我国不同领域生态补偿的研究与实践中,森林生态补偿开始得最早,探索适合我国国情的森林生态补偿机制,可为其他领域生态补偿问题的研究提供借鉴。Since the beginning of 1990s, there were some theoretical and practical studies on forestry eco-compensation in China. The government promulgated a series of regulations, established forest ecocompensation mechanism. Present problems of legal system of ecological compensation include unclear definition for eco-compensation, limited framework of ecological compensation, lower subsidy standard, simple source of compensation money , and insufficiency of market-based regime etc. The author holds the viewpoints that a relatively clear and uniform definition for eco-compensation should be established. We should build scientific compensation standards and develop more sources of finance for these schemes. Perfecting legal system can provide better guarantee to promote the institutionalization of forestry ecological compensation. Being the earliest eco-compensation in China, the mechanism of forest eco- compensation can provide experience for eco-compensations in other fields.

关 键 词：生态补偿 生态效益 补偿机制 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]