Comparative study of the mechanical properties,micro-structure,and composition of the cranial and beak bones of the great spotted woodpecker and the lark bird  

作　　者：WANG LiZhen ZHANG HongQuan FAN YuBo 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China [2]School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University o（Technology, Wuhan 430000, China

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》2011年第11期1036-1041,共6页中国科学（生命科学英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10925208 and 11120101001)

摘　　要：Woodpeckers are well able to resist head injury during repeated high speed impacts at 6-7 m s-1 with decelerations up to 1000 g.This study was designed to compare the mechanical properties,microstructures and compositions of cranial bone and beak bone of great spotted woodpecker(Dendrocopos major) and the Mongolian sky lark(Melanocorypha mongolica).Microstructures were observed using micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy and their compositions were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.Under high stress,the cranial bone and the beak of the woodpecker exhibited distinctive mechanical features,which were associated with differences in micro-structure and composition,compared with those of the lark.Evolutionary optimization of bone micro-structure has enabled functional adaptation to the woodpecker's specific lifestyle.Its characteristic micro-structure efficiently avoids head impact injury and may provide potential clues to the prevention of brain injury using bio-inspired designs of shock-absorbing materials.Woodpeckers are well able to resist head injury during repeated high speed impacts at 6-7 m s-1 with decelerations up to 1000 g.This study was designed to compare the mechanical properties,microstructures and compositions of cranial bone and beak bone of great spotted woodpecker（Dendrocopos major） and the Mongolian sky lark（Melanocorypha mongolica）.Microstructures were observed using micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy and their compositions were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.Under high stress,the cranial bone and the beak of the woodpecker exhibited distinctive mechanical features,which were associated with differences in micro-structure and composition,compared with those of the lark.Evolutionary optimization of bone micro-structure has enabled functional adaptation to the woodpecker＇s specific lifestyle.Its characteristic micro-structure efficiently avoids head impact injury and may provide potential clues to the prevention of brain injury using bio-inspired designs of shock-absorbing materials.

关 键 词：WOODPECKER head mechanical property MICRO-STRUCTURE COMPOSITION 

分 类 号：S763.306.4[农业科学—森林保护学] TG146.21[农业科学—林学]