2008-2009年天津市5岁以上人群病毒性腹泻监测分析  

Surveillance of viral diarrheal diseases in people aged ≥5 years in Tianjin,2008-2009

作　　者：高璐[1] 张颖[1] 李佳萌[1] 刘辉[1] 苏旭[1] 田宏[1] 张之伦[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心,天津300011

出　　处：《疾病监测》2011年第12期931-934,共4页Disease Surveillance

基　　金："十一五"国家科技重大专项(No.2009ZX10004-209)~~

摘　　要：目的分析天津市2008-2009年病毒性腹泻流行概况和病原学特征,探索其流行规律,旨在为制定控制病毒性腹泻疫情的策略提供参考依据。方法收集5岁以上腹泻病例的粪便标本进行抗原检测及分型,流行病学调查资料进行描述性分析和单因素分析。结果天津市2008-2009年5岁以上人群腹泻病例A组轮状病毒检出率为14.18%,以G3型为主;诺如病毒检出率为7.72%,以GⅡ为主。检出阳性病例发病时间集中在10月至翌年3月,干部职员、离退休人员及家务待业人员病毒检出率高于工人、农民、公共服务人群(χ2=29.341,P<0.001),以农村人口为主的远郊区(县)病毒抗原检出率低于市区人群(P=0.008,OR=0.420)。白细胞≤10/HPF(400倍)的病例中使用抗生素的仅占6.6%。结论天津市5岁以上人群病毒性腹泻以轮状病毒感染为主,积极研发成年人轮状病毒疫苗用于重点人群接种,提高医务人员对病毒性腹泻的诊断和鉴别诊断能力,合理使用抗生素,以减少不必要的经济负担。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of viral diarrheal diseases in Tianjin from 2008 to 2009 and provides scientific evidence for the development of prevention and control measures.Methods The stool samples were collected from diarrhea patients aged over 5 years to detect antigen and conduct pathogen identification,and descriptive epidemiological analysis and univariate analysis were conducted.Results The detection rate of group A rotavirus was 14.18%,and G3 was the most commonly observed serotype.The detection rate of norovirus was 7.72%,and GⅡ was the most commonly observed serotype.The cases which were positive in the detection mainly occurred during October in 2008 to March in 2009.The virus detection rates in office staff,the retired and household servants were higher than those in workers,farmers and public servants（χ2=29.341,P0.001）.The virus detection rate in rural population in out suburbs was lower than that in urban population（P=0.008,OR=0.420）.Only 6.6% of the patients whose WBCs were lower than 10/HPF used antibiotics.Conclusion Rotavirus was the major pathogen in diarrhea patients aged over 5 years in Tianjin.It is necessary to develop adult rotavirus vaccine to immunize risk population,improve the differential diagnosis of viral diarrheal diseases and reduce the abuse of antibiotics in order to mitigate the disease burden.

关 键 词：轮状病毒 诺如病毒 流行学特征 病原学分析 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]