煤炭开采对野生植物物种丰富度和物种组成的影响  

Impacts of coal mining on wild plant species richness and species composition

作　　者：孟东平[1] 王应刚[1] 万江丽[1] 刘斌[1] 赵文婧[1] 苏尚军[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学环境与资源学院,太原030006

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2012年第2期299-303,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070424)资助

摘　　要：煤炭开采引发的生态环境破坏早已引起关注,对其破坏机理和修复方法进行研究显得非常重要。本文探讨了煤炭开采对野生植物物种丰富度和物种组成成分的影响。从分布在晋西北地区的338个煤矿中,随机选择16个煤矿作为研究对象,调查了煤炭采空区和非采空区地面的野生植物物种,用Gleason丰富度指数分析了煤矿采空区和非采空区的野生植物物种丰富度差异,同时用Srensen指数分析了煤炭采空区野生植物物种组成成分和非采空区植物物种组成成分的相似性。结果表明:煤炭开采造成了野生植物物种数的减少,采空区的野生物种丰富度明显少于非采空区;煤炭开采也造成了野生植物物种组成成分的变化,采空区和非采空区的野生植物物种组成成分出现明显差异。The damage of coal mining on ecological environment has long been concerned. It is of significance to study the destroying mechanisms of the damage and related remediation methods to restore the damaged ecological environment in coal mining regions. This paper studied the impacts of coal mining on the wild plant species richness and species composition. A total of 16 out of 338 coal mines in northwest Shanxi Province were randomly selected to investigate the wild plant species in coal mine goaf area and coal mine non-goaf area, with the difference in the plant species richness and the similarity of the plant species composition between the goaf and non-goaf areas analyzed by Gleason richness index and Srensen similarity index, respectively. Coal mining decreased the wild plant species richness, and the wild plant species number was obviously lower in goaf area than in non-goaf area. Coal mining also induced the changes of wild plant species composition, resulting in an obvious difference in wild plant species composition between the goaf and non-goaf areas.

关 键 词：矿山生态系统 煤炭采空区 煤炭非采空区 植物物种丰富度 

分 类 号：Q948.11[生物学—植物学]