海南省3887名农村已婚妇女健康现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the health status and effect factors among 3887 rural married women in Hainan province

作　　者：王坤[1] 祝慧萍[1] 樊利春[2] 黄文明[2] 杜玉开[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,湖北武汉430030 [2]海南省妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2012年第4期506-509,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：李嘉诚基金会捐助海南农村卫生建设扶贫项目

摘　　要：目的:了解海南省农村已婚妇女健康现状,为制定相关政策和预防措施提供数据支持。方法:采取整群抽样的方法对海南省10个市县的3 887名60岁以下已婚农村妇女进行健康体检和问卷调查,对体检结果和调查数据进行描述性分析、χ2检验和非条件Logistic回归分析。结果:体检妇女的两周患病率是6.97%,低于全国平均水平;不同年龄组、不同地区妇女患病率差异有统计学意义,对妇女组患病有影响的因素是地区、文化程度、就医机构、去医疗保健机构距离、医疗保险类型、家庭饮用水类型和饮酒情况等。体检检出最多的是泌尿生殖系统疾病。结论:海南省农村已婚妇女健康状况处于一般水平,泌尿生殖系统疾病是影响妇女人群的常见多发疾病。距离医疗保健机构的路程远和饮酒是妇女健康的危险因素,应加大对农村居民的健康教育,广泛宣传已婚妇女泌尿生殖系统疾病等常见病及多发病的防治知识,提高已婚妇女自我保健意识和预防能力,是降低已婚妇女妇科病患病率最有效的途径。Objective： To understand the health status of rural married women in Hainan province, provide a scientific basis for making related policies and preventive measures. Methods： A cluster sampling method was used to conduct physical examination and questionnaire survey among 3 887 rural married women under sixty years from 10 cities （counties） in Hainan province, then the results of physical examination and investigation data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, chi - square test, and unconditional logistic regTession analysis. Restllts： The two- week prevalence of the women was 6. 97%, which was lower than the national average prevalence; there was significant difference in the prevalence among the women in different age groups and different areas; the effect factors included area, educational level, medical institution, the distance between their home and the medical institution, the type of medical insurance, the type of familial drinking water, and drinking. The most common diseases found by physical examination were genitourinary system diseases. Conclusion： The health status of rural married women in Hainan province is ordinary, genitourinary system diseases are the common diseases with high prevalence which affect female population. Far distance between their home and the medical institution, drinking are the risk factors of maternal health ; enhancing health education among the rural residents, propagandizing the knowledge about prevention and treatment of female common diseases, such as genitourinary system diseases, improving the self health care consciousness and preventive ability of married women are the most effective routes to reduce the prevalence of gynecological diseases among the married women.

关 键 词：农村 已婚妇女 健康现状 影响因素 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]