儿童假丝酵母感染状况分析及药物敏感性研究  

Analysis on the infection status of Candida in children and the drug sensitive test

作　　者：王长嘉[1] 孙晓红[2,3] 贺丹[2] 李广泉[2] 高磊[2] 高嵩[2] 王丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省人民医院感染科,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林大学白求恩医学院 [3]北华大学基础医学院

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2012年第4期532-534,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大国际合作资助项目〔30910103903〕;吉林省科技发展计划重点资助项目〔20080444-2〕

摘　　要：目的:探讨儿童假丝酵母的感染情况,分析其对常用抗真菌药物的敏感性,为真菌感染的治疗和预防提供依据。方法:收集临床假丝酵母感染患儿标本77例,进行菌株的分离、鉴定。并从患儿年龄、基础疾病及标本来源、检出病原菌种类、菌株药物敏感性等方面进行分析。结果:真菌感染患儿的平均年龄为6岁。标本主要来源于咽拭子,白假丝酵母的分离率最高(63.6%),其次为光滑假丝酵母、热带假丝酵母、克柔假丝酵母和其他假丝酵母。药物敏感性实验结果表明,假丝酵母对两性霉素B(AmB)、5-氟胞嘧啶(5-FC)的敏感性较高。其中,白假丝酵母对AmB、5-FC、氟康唑(FCZ)及伊曲康唑(ICZ)的敏感率依次为100.0%、91.9%、83.7%、69.4%;对ICZ、FCZ、5-FC的耐药率依次为4.1%、2.0%、2.0%。结论:儿童真菌感染以白假丝酵母最多见,分离菌株对FCZ和ICZ的耐药性较高,临床医生应高度重视,并根据药物敏感性实验结果进行治疗和预防。Objective： To explore the infection status of Candida in children, analyze its sensitivity to antibiotics commonly used in clinic, provide a basis for the treatment and prevention of fungal infection. Methods： A total of 77 specimens of clinical infection of Candida in children were collected, then isolation and identification of bacterial strains were conducted, then the results were analyzed from the aspects of age, basic diseases, source of specimens, types of pathogens detected, and drug sensitivity of bacterial strains. Results： The average age of the children with fungal infection was six years. The specimens were mainly from nasopharyngeal swabs. The isolation rate of Candida albicans was the highest （63.6%）, followed by Candida glabrata, Candida.tropicalis, Candida krusei, and other Candida. The results of drug sensitive test showed that the sensitivities of Candida to amphotericin B and 5 - fluorouracil were high. The sensitive rates of Candida albicans to amphotericin B, 5 - fluorouracil, fluconazole, and itraconazole were 100. 0% , 91.9% , 83.7%, and 69.4% , respectively; the drug resistance rates of Candida albicans to itraconazole, fluconazole, and 5 - fluorouracil were 4. 1%, 2.0%, and 2.0%, respectively. Conclusion ： The common type of fungal infection in children is Candida albicans, the sensitivities of isolated bacterial strains to fluconazole and itraconazole are high, more attention should be paid to, the treatment and prevention should be carried out according to the results of drug sensitive test.

关 键 词：假丝酵母 真菌感染 微量稀释法 

分 类 号：R379[医药卫生—病原生物学]