重庆万州红桔褐斑类病害病原菌的分离鉴定及抑菌药剂筛选  

Isolation and Identification of the Pathogens for Brown Spot Diseases on Wanzhou Tangerine and Screening for the Fungicides for Their Control

作　　者：刘弘[1] 程兰 卿励[1] 王东[1] 段玉平[1] 吴琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡职业学院,重庆万州404155 [2]重庆万州区果树技术推广站,重庆万州404000

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第12期32-38,共7页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：2010年中央财政巩固退耕还林成果后续产业专项工程柑橘基地建设基金资助项目(渝发改投(2010)993);2011年中央财政现代农业柑橘专项建设基金资助项目(渝农发(2011)408);重庆市万州区科技攻关资助项目--红桔褐斑病爆发原因及综合防治研究(A200901006)

摘　　要：近年来,一种严重危害重庆万州红桔的真菌性病害大规模流行,已成为生产上亟待解决的难题.该试验取田间病果、病叶及病枝样本进行发病组织培养和菌株分离纯化,根据病原菌的形态特征和致病性进行种类鉴定,并选用19种杀菌剂分别对致病病原菌进行抑菌活性测定.结果表明:重庆万州红桔上发生的病害为以褐斑类病原菌危害为主的复合型病害,致病病原菌为交链格孢菌Alternaria Nees ex Wallr.和炭疽病菌Colletoirichum gloeospori-oides Penz..不同药剂对两种致病病原菌菌丝生长的抑制作用的差异具有统计学意义.其中25%腐霉.福美双600倍、25%咪鲜胺750倍、60%甲硫.异菌脲500倍、拿敌稳(肟菌脂25%.50%戊唑醇)3 000倍等杀菌剂对两种病原菌的抑菌率达100%,凯润(吡唑醚菌酯250g/L)2 000倍对两种病原菌的抑菌率也达90%以上.根据室内抑菌药剂筛选结果、防治用药成本和抗药性等综合因素考虑,推荐25%咪鲜胺可湿性粉剂750倍为生产上化学防治首选药剂,混用、轮用药剂可选择上述其他药剂及药剂组合.In recent years,a serious fungial disease has been extensively prevalent on Wanzhou tangerine.Samples of infected fruits,leaves and twigs were collected from a local tangerine grove,and the infected tissues were cultured,and the pathogens were isolated and purified and,finally,identified according to their micro-morphological characteristics and pathogenicity.The pathogens causing the brown spot disease were identified as Alternaria Nees ex Wallr.and Colletoirichum gloeosporioides Penz.Nineteen fungicides were used for anti-microbial activity determination and showed significant differences in their inhibition to hyphal growth of the pathogens.Prochloraz,procymidone-Thiram,Thiophanate-Methyl-Iprodione and Trifloxystrobin-Tebuconazole showed the best control effect,with an inhibiting rate of 100% against Alternaria Nees ex Wallr.and C.gloeosporioides Penz.Pyraclostrobin gave an inhibition rate of 90% or more.Based on the results of laboratory test,pesticide cost and pesticide tolerance of the pathogen（s）,Prochloraz 25% WP is recommended for chemical control of brown spot in tangerine production.

关 键 词：万州红桔 褐斑类病害 病原菌 抑菌药剂 

分 类 号：S436.661.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]