费托合成过程模拟及尾气处理分析  

Simulation of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and analysis of off gas treatment

作　　者：陆雪峰[1] 孙力[1] 贺高红[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室,膜科学与技术研究开发中心,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《计算机与应用化学》2012年第1期41-44,共4页Computers and Applied Chemistry

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(21125628);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-06-0272)

摘　　要：费托(F-T)合成将煤炭转化为一种类似石油的液体燃料,是一种煤间接液化技术。其流程主要包括五部分:煤气化,水气变换,气体净化,合成液体燃料和联合循环发电。合成液体燃料过程除了生成液体燃料产品之外,同时产生尾气,其主要成分有CO、H_2、C1-C4等轻烷烃,并含有少量重烷烃,尾气经过燃烧可以生成电和蒸汽,满足系统公用工程需求,而如果回收其中CO和H_2等有效组分,可增加燃料产品产量。本文应用化工流程模拟软件Aspen Plus对费托合成全流程的五部分进行模拟,并着重对其尾气处理进行分析。本文研究3种尾气处理方法:尾气全部燃烧生成电和蒸汽,满足系统公用工程需求,如有剩余可输送至外围电网和蒸汽管网:尾气回收H_2和CO等有效组分,增加产品产量,并通过烧煤满足系统公用工程需求:尾气部分燃烧,部分回收有效组分,如果过程的电和蒸汽供应不足需燃煤补充,本例设置不同比例的尾气回收方案。通过过程工艺流程和公用工程系统分析,综合比较各方案的系统操作费和过程收益,确定尾气20%回收经济效益最大,而尾气全部回收时经济效益最小。Fischer-Tropsch （F-T） synthesis, which can transfer the non-fossil fuels to liquid fuels, is one of the principal coal to liquid oil technologies. The F-T process includes five parts： coal gasification, water gas shift, gas purification, liquids oil synthesis, and combined cycle power. Besides the liquid production can be generated in the process of liquid oil synthesis, off gas is also produced simultaneously. The off gas contains some CO, H2, C1-C4 light alkanes, and a small amount of heavy alkanes. Therefore, the off gas can be burned off to produce power and steam which must satisfy the requirement of the process. In addition, its components, such as CO and H2, can be recovered in order to increase the output of the product. In this paper, the whole process which includes the above five parts was simulated using Aspen Plus which is one of the chemical process simulation software, and then three methods of the process offgas treatment were analyzed. Firstly, the off gas was fully burned off to satisfy the process power and steam requirement, the remains could be transported to the power grid and the steam pipe network. Secondly, off gas was recovered to increase the output of the products, and this process needed to bum coal to make up the gap in the utility. At last, the offgas was partially burned off, and some coal could be burned off to supply power and stream. Different percentages of the off gas recovery were set up in this case. When considering all the process system, process products, and the utility system, 20% of the off gas recovery produces the maximum economic benefit, and the off gas fully recovery produces the minimum benefit.

关 键 词：费托合成 尾气燃烧 变压吸附 膜分离 

分 类 号：TQ015.9[化学工程] TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]