大容量气枪激发与场地条件的耦合效果研究  

Study on coupling effect of large capacity airgun firing and field situation

作　　者：唐杰 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学地球科学与技术学院,青岛266555

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2011年第5期1652-1660,共9页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05006-002);中国石油大学自主创新科研计划项目(12CX04007A)和中国石油大学(华东)博士科研基金(Y0901041)项目联合资助

摘　　要：为充分和合理地利用大容量气枪震源,研究水下激发的气枪信号与场地条件的耦合作用尤为重要.本文采用Zoepp ritz方程研究了水底界面上地震波的反射与透射特性,采用谱元法研究了水下介质中波传播规律,研究结果表明:(1)陆上水体气枪激发应选择合适的场地条件,不同水底能够产生不同的反射和透射效果;(2)陆上水体的有限性会对气枪激发的信号产生会引起较强散射波,对地震波传播能量有调制和衰减作用;(3)高阻抗的玄武岩层有较强的屏蔽作用,大容量的气枪能产生低频信号有较强的穿透高速屏蔽层的能力和较强的抗散射能力;水介质的优秀特性使得大容量气枪能够用于区域尺度的深部探测.气枪激发与场地条件的耦合效果研究为采用气枪震源进行结构探测选择合适的场地条件和观测系统提供了理论依据.In order to use large capacity airgun seismic source fully and reasonably to explore underground structure, the coupling effect of airgun signal and field conditions is particularly important. Based on Zoeppritz equation, we study the reflection and refraction characteristics on the water bottom interface, and use SEM to research the wave propagation in underwater medium. The results show that： （1）The suitable firing field conditions should be charged before exploration which can produce various different underwater of reflection and transmission effect, （2）The limils of the reservoir will cause strong scattering wave. （3）The basalt layer with high impedance are strong shielding layer, high capacity air-guns can produce low-frequency signals which can penetrate high speed shielding layer and control strong ability of scattering. The outstanding characteristics of water medium make large capacity air guns can be used in deep exploration areas. Study on the coupling effect of airgun signal and field situation can provide theory basis for choosing the appropriate site conditions and observation system.

关 键 词：气枪震源 场地条件 反射率 谱元法 水库气枪 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]