北海营盘新马氏珠母贝养殖区养殖容量的研究  

Carrying capacity of Yingpan new Pinctada martensii culture area in Beihai City,Guangxi

作　　者：王大鹏[1] 何安尤[1] 曹占旺[1] 甘西[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西水产研究所广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室,南宁530021

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2011年第12期1555-1559,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西科技攻关项目(桂科攻10123008-6)

摘　　要：【目的】调查了解北海营盘新马氏珠母贝养殖区养殖容量,为养殖规划提供理论依据。【方法】通过对海区叶绿素a、初级生产力、生态效率、浮游植物有机碳含量、马氏珠母贝有机碳含量、滤水效率及其含壳重与鲜组织重比值等的调查和检测,应用营养动态模型和沿岸能流模型计算贝类生产量,扣除野生滤食性动物现存量后计算贝类养殖容量,并通过食物限制性指标法进行检验。【结果】北海营盘新马氏珠母贝养殖区的百亩马氏珠母贝养殖容量(含壳重)为16.41t,即马氏珠母贝总养殖容量为2.5×108个,且两种模型估算结果一致;对模型结果进行食物限制性指标分析,发现两种模型估算所得的养殖容量不会对生态系统构成显著压力。马氏珠母贝适宜放养密度为:壳高2～3cm的小贝放养密度为3.00×105～4.50×105个/ha,壳高3～5cm的中贝放养密度为1.50×105～2.25×105个/ha,壳高5cm以上的大贝放养密度为1.20×105～1.50×105个/ha,植核育珠贝放养密度为1.05×105～1.20×105个/ha。【结论】进行北海营盘新马氏珠母贝养殖区养殖规划时可以16.41t/百亩作为规划依据。[Objective]The experiment was conducted to investigate the aquaculture capacity of Yingpan new Pinctada martensii culture area in Beihai City in order to provide theoretical basis for breeding projects.[Method]Based on the theory of nutritional dynamics in marine ecological system,chlorophyll a,primary production,ecological efficiency,organic carbon content of plankton and Pinctada martensii,weight ratio of whole shellfish to flesh tissue and filtering ratio of shellfish were investigated in Yingpan new pearl culture areas of Beihai.Nutritional dynamics model and coastal energy flowing model were used to estimate the quantity of shellfish production,and the carrying capacity was calculated and inspected using methods of food limited indices.[Result]The capacity（with shell weight） in 6.67 hectare was recorded as 16.41 t,that is,the carrying capacity was 2.5×108 in both kinds of models.Analysis of food limited indices showed that carrying capacity in both model did not have any significant pressure on ecosystem.The suitable culture density of Pinctada martensii in Yingpan area was as follows：3.00×105-4.50×105/ha small shellfish（2-3 cm） ,1.50×105-2.25×105/ha medium shellfish（3-5 cm） ,1.20×105-1.50×105/ha large shellfish（over 5 cm） .[Conclusion]Proper aquaculture planning of Yingpan new Pinctada martensii culture area could be 16.41 t per 6.67 hectare.

关 键 词：马氏珠母贝 养殖容量 营养动态模型 沿岸能流分析模型 北海营盘 

分 类 号：S968.316.1[农业科学—水产养殖]