不同生长发育期土壤绿藻--集球藻细胞形态结构研究  

Characteristics of Cellular Structures and Growth Properties of Palmellococcus sp.Using Water Culture in Green House

作　　者：饶本强[1,2] 吴沛沛[2] 李敦海[2] 刘永定[2] 

机构地区：[1]信阳师范学院生命科学学院,河南信阳464000 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所 淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第5期120-124,共5页Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(20100480920);淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室(2008FBZ21);武汉市科技局与内蒙古自治区发改委重大科技产业化专项(200720112031);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助计划项目(2010GGJS-106);信阳师范学院青年骨干教师资助计划;信阳师范学院高层次人才科研启动基金项目

摘　　要：集球藻是一种广泛分布于生物结皮中的土壤绿藻,能够积累红色素(如虾青素)和油滴,显示出其独特的生理特性和潜在的应用价值.目前对集球藻的细胞结构以及色素积累研究非常匮乏.本文报道应用光学显微镜和透射电境观察集球藻在温室液体培养条件下,细胞形态与超微结构变化.结果表明,培养早期时营养细胞转变为生殖细胞,并通过细胞分裂产生子代细胞.生长发育过程中集球藻细胞形态结构呈现阶段性变化特征,成熟期细胞具有典型的绿藻门绿球藻目的特征性结构,在生长后期和衰老期出现细胞器结构的解体和消失.此外,生长发育后期营养细胞转变成红褐色的厚壁细胞,有大量脂肪体和淀粉粒的沉积.这表明脂肪体是集球藻细胞的特征性构性.本研究对于揭示集球藻在正常培养条件下的形态结构特征以及色素体的累积机制具有重要的科学意义,并为该藻的基础和应用研究提供实验资料.Palmellococcus Chod.is a kind of green algae widely distributing in biological soil crusts and is able to accumulate red pigment（astaxanthin） and oil drops.So the alga has displayed especial physiological nature and potential value of application.Currently,studies on cellular structures and pigment accumulations of Palmellococcus sp.are relatively scarce.In this study,the morphology and structures of Palmellococcus sp.are investigated by means of photo microscope and transmission electron microscope（TEM） under liquid culture in green house.The results show that the nutritive cells of Palmellococcus sp.are able to turn into genital cells,and yield filial cells by means of cell discerption.The cellular structures of Palmellococcus sp.present gradual changes during development process and the algae own typical structure characteristics of chlorophyta and chlorococcales.However,it indicated that cellular organs of Palmellococcus sp.disintegrated and disappear at anaphase and senescence phase.Moreover,the nutritive cells of Palmellococcus sp.are found to turn into reddish-brown thick-wall cells,and there are large quantity accumulations of lipid bodies and starches in cells of Palmellococcus sp.at anaphase of development.This means that lipid bodies are in special structure lying in the cells of Palmellococcus sp.The research maybe provid a significative finding for better understanding morphological changes and pigment accumulation of Palmellococcus sp.in normal culture condition,and simultaneously provid some experimental data for based and applied researches on the green alga.

关 键 词：土壤藻类 集球藻 形态结构 脂肪体 

分 类 号：Q949.212.04[生物学—植物学] Q942