西葫芦单倍体诱导及分子检测鉴定  

In vitro Induction of Haploid Plants in Squash(Cucurbita pepo L.) and Selection by Molecular Markers

作　　者：苏敏[1] 张国裕[2] 赵尊练[1] 张帆[2] 姜立纲[2] 李海真[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]国家蔬菜工程技术研究中心,北京100097

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2011年第10期79-84,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金："十一五"科技支撑项目(2009BADB8B02);北京市新世纪百千万人才工程培养资助项目(2008);国家农业科技成果转化资金项目(2010GB2A000003)

摘　　要：以3种基因型西葫芦为试材,探讨不同基因型与花粉辐照剂量(25～400 Gy)对西葫芦单倍体植株诱导的影响。结果表明,基因型与辐照剂量对植株坐果率和单倍体诱导率均有显著影响。辐照剂量率2 Gy/min,剂量125～250 Gy比较适宜西葫芦单倍体的诱导,获得的再生植株较多,有利于单倍体植株的产生。单倍体植株主要由点状胚与箭形胚发育而来。基因型330的单倍体诱导率为5.08%,基因型331的为7.40%,而基因型332未能获得单倍体植株。利用特异的EST-SSR标记快速对再生植株中的单倍体或自然加倍单倍体植株进行鉴定,并通过保卫细胞叶绿体计数法及流式细胞仪验证SSR标记分析结果的可靠性,确定植株染色体倍性水平。西葫芦单倍体植株生长势弱,叶片较小,花粉败育。The influence of pollen irradiation and plant genotype on the production of in vitro haploid plants from in situ induced haploid embryos was investigated in squash（Cucurbita pepo L.）.Pollen was irradiated at different gamma-ray doses（25-400 Gray）.Production of in vitro haploid plantlets was influenced by irradiation dose,genotype,embryo type and embryo stage.Embryos were obtained from irradiation doses within the range of 125 to 250 Gray.Necrotic embryos were higher than normal embryos when the irradiation doses higher than 250 Gray.The haploid plants were produced mostly from point and arrow-tip embryos.The frequencies of haploid plantlets were 5.08% and 7.40% for genotype 330 and 331,respectively.EST-SSR,chloroplast number per guard cell counting and flow cytometry were used to determine the haploid plants in this study.The haploid plants achieved low growth ability and small leaves with sterile stamen.

关 键 词：辐射花粉 单倍体 胚离体培养 西葫芦 

分 类 号：S642.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]