取食不同食物对日本通草蛉生长发育、繁殖和飞行能力的影响  

Growth and Development, Adult Fecundity, and Flight Capacity of the Lacewing, Chrysoperla nipponensis (Okamoto) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) Feeding on Different Larval Diets

作　　者：刘中芳[1,2] 吴孔明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [2]山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所,太原030032

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2012年第1期15-19,共5页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2006CB102007);国家杰出青年基金(30625028)

摘　　要：本文研究了日本通草蛉Chrysoperla nipponensis幼虫取食棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera、小地老虎Agrotisipsilon、甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua、斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura 4种鳞翅目害虫卵和棉蚜Aphis gossypii共5种食物时的生长发育、繁殖和飞行能力。结果表明:幼虫取食棉铃虫卵时发育历期最长(12.95 d)、蛹期最短(9.69 d),取食棉蚜时发育历期最短(10.28 d)、蛹期最长(10.39 d);幼虫食物对蛹重、成虫羽化率、产卵前期、产卵量和寿命均无显著影响(P>0.05)。飞行能力测试中,幼虫食物显著影响成虫的累计飞行时间和平均飞行速度,而对成虫累计飞行距离则无显著影响;幼虫取食棉铃虫卵时成虫累计飞行时间最长(13.58 h)、飞行超过10 h的个体占60%,平均飞行速度最小(0.49 km h 1)、所有个体飞行速度均小于1.0 km h 1;取食棉蚜时成虫累计飞行时间最短(9.38 h)、飞行超过10 h的个体仅占36.85%,平均飞行速度最大(0.75 km h 1)、21.05%个体飞行速度大于1.0 km h 1。结果说明,幼虫食物是影响日本通草蛉个体发育和种群动态的重要因素之一。Growth and development,adult fecundity,and flight capacity of the lacewing,Chrysoperla nipponensis were investigated when the lacewing larvae were fed with cotton aphid,Aphis gossypii and four Lepidopteran eggs of Helicoverpa armigera,Agrotis ipsilon,Spodoptera exigua or Spodoptera litura.Results showed that the larvae fed with H.armigera eggs exhibited the longest larval duration（12.95 d） and the shortest pupal duration（9.69 d）,while those supplied with Ap.gossypii showed the shortest larval duration（10.28 d） and the longest pupal duration（10.39 d）.Larval diets had no significant influence on pupal weight,adult emergence rate,pre-oviposition period,fecundity and longevity of females.Flight mill tests showed that larval diets significantly influenced the cumulative flight duration and average flight speed of the adults.Adults from H.armigera egg treatment flied for the longest duration（13.58 h）,at the lowest average speed（0.49 km h 1） with the highest speed less than 1.0 km h 1;and individuals flying beyond 10 h during the test period accounted for 60% of the tested adults.Adults from Ap.gossypii treatment flied for the shortest duration（9.38 h）,at the fastest average speed（0.75 km h 1） with 21.05% of the individuals flying at the speed of over 1.0 km h 1;and individuals flying beyond 10 h during the test period accounted for 36.85%.All the findings in this paper indicated that larval diet was one of the factors influencing development and population dynamics of C.nipponensis.

关 键 词：日本通草蛉 幼虫食物 生长发育 繁殖能力 飞行能力 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]