低毒病毒CHV1-CN280生防潜力的初步研究  

Biological Control Potential of the Hypovirus CHV1-CN280 against Chestnut Blight

作　　者：张林巧[1] 高坤[1] 邓清超[1] 叶云[1] 王克荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院,南京210095

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2012年第1期80-86,共7页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30470062);浙江省重大科技专项(优先主题)农业项目(2008C12067-2)

摘　　要：前期研究表明,分离自中国的低毒病毒CHV1-CN280与其它多数低毒病毒相比具有更高的水平传播能力。本研究中,我们对CHV1-CN280的田间定殖能力及其它生防性状进行了评估。与其它两个模式低毒病毒相比,CHV1-CN280对栗疫菌Cryphonectria parasitica的毒力显著弱于典型的烈性低毒病毒CHV1-EP713,而更接近于典型的温和低毒病毒CHV1-Euro7。强致病性的栗疫菌感染CHV1-CN280后,成为典型的低毒菌株,不再对板栗植株造成严重危害,但是与感染典型烈性低毒病毒CHV1-EP713的菌株相比,寄主真菌在板栗枝条上仍保持了一定的定殖能力,其菌丝生长速率和分生孢子产量较高。初步的田间试验表明,在人工接种两年后,CHV1-CN280在田间成功定殖,并已扩散到田间自然存在的、与人为释放的低毒菌株不亲和的其它营养体亲合群的栗疫菌菌株中。结果表明,低毒病毒CHV1-CN280对栗疫病具有非常好的生物防治潜力。The previous studies showed that the hypovirus CHV1-CN280 isolated from North China had higher horizontal transmission abilities than many other CHV1（Cryphonectria hypovirus 1） stains.In this paper,colonization capability of CHV1-CN280 in field and other biological characteristics were investigated.In comparison in the virulence with the other two well studied hypoviruses,CHV1-CN280 is more close to the mild virus strain CHV1-Euro7 than to the severe virus strain CHV1-EP713.Highly virulent C.parasitica strains became into lower virulent ones after infection with CHV1-CN280.The infected ones were able to colonize chestnut stem tissue and had higher levels of mycelial growth rate and asexual sporulation than strains infected with the prototypic severe hypovirus CHV1-EP713.Preliminary field test showed that CHV1-CN280 had successfully established in the field after inoculation for two years,and furthermore,the hypovirus successfully transmitted into wild virulent strains in the field which were incompatible with the artificially released strains.All the studies suggest that the CHV1-CN280 is of great biocontrol potential in biological control of chestnut blight disease.

关 键 词：栗疫菌 低毒病毒 生物防治 

分 类 号：S436.64[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476[农业科学—植物保护]