Stable Ultrahigh Specific Capacitance of NiO Nanorod Arrays  

作　　者：Zhiyi Lu Zheng Chang Junfeng Liu Xiaoming Sun 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, P. O. Box 98, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029,China

出　　处：《Nano Research》2011年第7期658-665,共8页纳米研究（英文版）

基　　金：Acknowledgements We thank Prof. Feng Wang and Dr. Chang Tan for help with electrochemical capacity testing. We also acknowledge the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the 973 Program （No. 2011CBA00503）, the Foundation for Authors of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertations of China, and Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University.

摘　　要：Previously reported examples of electrochemical pseudocapacitors based on cheap metal oxides have suffered from the need to compromise between specific capacitance, rate capacitance, and reversibility. Here we show that NiO nanorod arrays on Ni foam have a combination of ultrahigh specific capacitance （2018 F/g at 2.27 A/g）, high power density （1536 F/g at 22.7 A/g）, and good cycling stability （only 8% of capacitance was lost in the first 100 cycles with no further change in the subsequent 400 cycles）. This resulted in an improvement in the reversible capacitance record for NiO by 50% or more, reaching 80% of the theoretical value, and demonstrated that a three-dimensional regular porous array structure can afford all of these virtues in a supercapacitor. The excellent performance can be attributed to the slim （〈 20 nm） rod morphology, high crystallinity, regularly aligned array structure and strong bonding of the nanorods to the metallic Ni substrate, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）.电气化学的 pseudocapacitors 的以前报导的例子基于便宜金属氧化物受不了需要在特定的电容，率电容，和可逆性之间妥协。这里，我们证明 Ni 泡沫上的 NiO nanorod 数组有联合超离频特定的电容(在 2.27 A/g 的 2018 F/g )，高力量密度(在 22.7 A/g 的 1536 F/g )，并且好骑车稳定性(仅仅，8%电容没有进一步的变化沉醉于开始的 100 个周期在随后 400 个周期)。这在 50% 或更为 NiO 在可逆电容记录导致了改进，到达 80% 理论价值，并且证明三维的常规多孔的数组结构能在 supercapacitor 这些优点负担得起所有。优秀性能能被归因于细长(< 20 nm )杆形态学，高 crystallinity ，定期排列的数组结构并且，的到金属性的 Ni 底层的 nanorods 的强壮的结合由扫描电子显微镜学( SEM )揭示了，传播电子显微镜学( TEM )和X光检查衍射( XRD )。

关 键 词：PSEUDOCAPACITANCE cycling stability NIO ARRAY nanorod 

分 类 号：O484.1[理学—固体物理] TG139.7[理学—物理]