逆流运动训练对多鳞四须鲃摄食、生长和体营养成分的影响  

Effects of upstream exercise training on feeding efficiency,growth and nutritional components of juvenile tinfoil barbs(Barbodes schwanenfeldi)

作　　者：宋波澜[1,2] 林小涛[1] 许忠能[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生生物研究所,热带亚热带水生态工程教育部工程研究中心,广东广州510632 [2]河北农业大学海洋学院,河北秦皇岛066003

出　　处：《水产学报》2012年第1期106-114,共9页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(20108B020309005);广州市科技计划项目(2010Z1-E401);广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目(A200901H05)

摘　　要：在室内条件下[水温(28±1)℃],设置0.7 BL/s和2.0 BL/s 2个流速组以及一个静水对照组,研究了不同逆流运动训练对多鳞四须鲃幼鱼[体质量(75.21±2.82)g]摄食、生长和体营养成分的影响。实验分1～23 d和23～45 d两个阶段,共进行45 d。实验结果表明,多鳞四须鲃平均日摄食率随流速增加而增大,但体长特定生长率、体质量特定生长率和食物转换率均以0.7 BL/s组最高,静水组次之,2.0 BL/s组最低,且三者间差异显著(P<0.05)。不同流速下多鳞四须鲃肌肉水分和灰分含量差异不显著(P>0.05),但随流速增大,多鳞四须鲃肌肉中蛋白质含量增加,而脂肪含量却显著下降。在实验末期,2.0 BL/s流速组的氨基酸总含量(82.63%)、必需氨基酸总含量(34.34%)和鲜味氨基酸总含量(33.50%)均显著高于静水对照组(78.27%,32.6%,30.63%)(P<0.05)。研究表明,较低流速(0.7 BL/s)的运动训练明显促进多鳞四须鲃的生长,提高食物转化率和增加肌肉蛋白质含量,高流速(2.0 BL/s)的运动训练不利于生长,但却能显著提高肌肉必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸含量。The objective of this study was to determine the impact of upstream exercise training on feeding efficiency,growth,and nutritional components of juvenile tinfoil barb Barbodes schwanenfeldi（weight 75.21±2.82 g）.The experiment included two stages,1-23 d and 23-45 d.After water current treatment（0 BL/s,0.7 BL/s,2.0 BL/s）for 45 d,the daily feeding ratio（FR）increased significantly with increasing water velocities.The maximum values of the body weight specific growth rate（SGR）,body length SGR and feed conversion rate（FCR）were in the water current of 0.7 BL/s,the second maximum values of those were in 0 BL/s and the minimum values were in 2.0 BL/s,with significant differences among the three（P0.05）.No significant difference in crude ash and water contents in muscles was observed among the treatments with various water velocities（P0.05）.The protein contents of fish muscles increased greatly with the increase of water velocities,while the lipid contents of muscles dropped with increasing water velocities.At the end of the experiment,the contents of total amino acid（TAA）,essential amino acid（EAA）,and delicious amino acid of the fish treated with the water velocities of 2.0 BL/s were 82.63%,34.34%,and 33.50%,respectively,being significantly higher than respective values of controls（78.27%,32.6%,30.63%）（P0.05）.Our result indicated that the lower water currents（0.7 BL/s）could effectively promote growth of juvenile tinfoil barb,improve feed conversion rates,and increase protein contents of fish muscles.The exercise training under the high flow（2.0 BL/s）was unsuitable to growth,but it could increase the contents of EAA and delicious amino acids in muscles of juvenile tinfoil barb.The result could provide basis to improve culturing conditions and nutritional quality of tinfoil barb B.schwanenfeldi.

关 键 词：多鳞四须鲃 运动训练 流速 摄食 生长 体营养成分 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学] S917[农业科学—水产科学]