枸杞岛岩礁生境主要鱼类的食物组成及食物竞争  

Dietary composition and food competition of six main fish species in rocky reef habitat off Gouqi Island

作　　者：王凯[1] 章守宇[1] 汪振华[1] 赵静[1] 许敏[1] 林军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2012年第2期536-544,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家海洋公益性项目(201005013-3);国家自然科学基金项目(41176110);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB111608);上海市重点学科建设项目(J50702);农业部海洋与河口渔业资源及生态重点开放实验室开放基金项目(开-09-14)资助

摘　　要：基于2009年3月—2010年2月枸杞岛沿岸岩礁生境渔业资源调查数据,对岩礁生境中的3种定居性鱼类(褐菖鲉、大泷六线鱼和斑头六线鱼)和3种非定居性鱼类(花鲈、黄姑鱼和小黄鱼)的食物组成及食物关系进行了研究.结果表明:麦秆虫、钩虾、褐菖鲉幼鱼、鳀鱼和中国毛虾等是6种鱼类的主要饵料生物,且饵料组成随季节而变化.3种定居性鱼类中,大泷六线鱼和斑头六线鱼在秋季食物竞争激烈;3种非定居性鱼类中,黄姑鱼和小黄鱼在夏季食物竞争激烈;非定居性鱼类和定居性鱼类之间,黄姑鱼分别与褐菖鲉(秋季)和大泷六线鱼(冬季)食物竞争激烈.黄姑鱼是引起岩礁生境中6种主要鱼类食物竞争的关键鱼种.枸杞岛岩礁生境中6种主要鱼类的摄食活动对褐菖鲉幼鱼的资源量有一定影响.Based on the monthly investigation data of fish resources in the rocky reef habitat off Gouqi Island from March 2009 to February 2010,this paper studied the dietary composition of three native fish species （Sebasticus marmoratus,Hexagrammos otakii and Hexagrammos agrammus） and three non-native fish species （Lateolabrax japonica,Nibea albiflora and Larimichthys polyactis）.The analysis of gut content indicated that the main prey items of these six dominant fish species were Caprellidae,Gammaridea,juvenile S.marmoratus,Engraulis japonicas and Acetes chinensis and the dietary composition of each of the 6 fish species had obvious seasonal variation.There was an intense food competition between native species H.otakii and H.agrammus in autumn,between non-native species N.albiflora and L.polyactis in summer,between non-native species N.albiflora and native species S.marmoratus in autumn,and between non-native species N.albiflora and native species H.otakii in winter.It was suggested the non-native species N.albiflora was the key species in the food competition among the six dominant fish species in this rocky reef habitat,and thus the feeding behaviors of these six fish species could have definite effects on the resource capacity of juvenile S.marmoratus.

关 键 词：鱼类 饵料重叠 食物竞争 岩礁生境 枸杞岛 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]