气动式振动台激振器低温失效机理研究及结构改进  

Study on Performance and Optimal Design of Pneumatic Vibrator of Repetitive Shock Machine on Cold Soak Temperature

作　　者：陶俊勇[1] 刘彬[1] 陈循[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科学技术大学可靠性实验室,长沙410073

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2012年第2期50-56,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50905181)

摘　　要：气动式激振器是给可靠性强化试验设备气动式振动台提供激励信号的核心部件。针对气动式激振器在低温试验环境中无法工作的问题,研究其低温失效机理,建立理论分析模型;根据模型从激振器缸体材料、尺寸和内外壁温差三方面对气动式激振器结构进行优化设计,加工完成以加热膜为核心组件的气动式低温激振器样品,并给出温控方法;考察低温激振器样品的加热均匀性、加热效率和耐振性,并分别测试低温和常温环境中样品端部的激励响应。结果表明,该低温激振器样品的低温工作性能比原激振器有很大提升,能在低温环境中长时间稳定工作,且在低温和常温环境中端部的激励响应特性比较接近,验证新型低温激振器设计方案的可行性,对于拓展气动式振动台的应用范围有着积极作用。Pneumatic vibrator,which produces excitation signals,is one of the most important part of repetitive shock machine.In low temperature condition,pneumatic vibrator cannot work as usual.In order to solve this problem,firstly the failure mechanism is studied by theory model.Then the structure of the pneumatic vibrator is ameliorated by the ways of choosing appropriate stuff and dimensions of the cylinder,and minishing the gap in temperature between the inside and outside of the cylinder.The method of controlling temperature is brought forward according to the model.Finally a pneumatic vibrator of cold temperature is made,whose durability of repetitive shock and uniformity and efficiency of calefaction is tested in low temperature conditions,and whose response characteristic of excitation on the roof is tested in low and room temperature condition,respectively.The results show that the working capability in low temperature condition of the newly designed vibrator is much better than that of the primary one,and that it can work normally and continuously in low temperature condition,and that the response characteristics of excitation in low and room temperature condition are accordant,which validates the availability of the new pneumatic vibrator in practice.

关 键 词：气动式振动台 低温失效机理 结构改进 气动式低温激振器 低温测试 

分 类 号：TH692[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]