中国区域陆地生态系统土壤呼吸碳排放及其空间格局——基于通量观测的地学统计评估  

Carbon Emission and Spatial Pattern of Soil Respiration of Terrestrial Ecosystems in China: Based on Geostatistic Estimation of Flux Measurement

作　　者：展小云[1,2] 于贵瑞[1] 郑泽梅[3] 王秋凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态网络观测与模拟重点实验室CERN综合研究中心,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]华东师范大学,上海200062

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2012年第1期97-108,共12页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划973计划项目(2010CB833504);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050601);中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所自主部署项目(200903007)

摘　　要：土壤呼吸是陆地生态系统通过根系呼吸和微生物呼吸向大气中释放CO2的过程。研究土壤呼吸的时空格局,将有助于构建区域尺度土壤呼吸定量评价模型,也可提高预测未来气候变化情境下的典型生态系统、区域以及全球尺度碳平衡状况的能力。本文整合了中国区域土壤呼吸的主要研究成果,分析了温度敏感性(Q10)和土壤呼吸(Rs)的统计特征和区域差异,定量评价了中国区域Rs的时空格局及其在中国和全球碳平衡中的作用。通过以上分析本文得出以下主要结论:①不同生态系统类型的土壤呼吸的Q10表现为森林>农田>草地,气候越寒冷,土壤呼吸Q10越大,并且中国区域的Q10值相对于其他国家偏低;②Rs具有明显的季节变异,不同生态系统类型的Rs表现为森林>农田>草地,并且,中国区域Rs低于全球Rs;③月尺度上Rs随着经纬度发生明显的季节变异,随着经度的增加,Rs的季节变幅也逐渐增加;④1995-2004年中国区域Rs的年总量的平均值为3.84 PgC,占全球土壤CO2排放的比例4.78%。Soil respiration is a major process of carbon dioxide emission from terrestrial ecosystems to atmosphere.Researches on spatiotemporal patterns of soil respiration could be helpful to the construction of a quantitative evaluation model of soil respiration at regional scale,and also,could improve our predictive ability of carbon balance status under future climate change of typical ecosystems at regional or global scale.This paper integrated the main research results about the soil respiration at regional scale in China,analyzed the statistical characteristics and regional difference of temperature sensitivity and soil respiration,and in addition,the quantitative evaluation on the spatiotemporal distribution and its effects on the carbon balance at China’s even global scale was also given in this paper.The results showed that Q10of forest ecosystem was the highest,followed by that of farmland ecosystem,and Q10of grassland ecosystem was lowest,indicating that Q10was higher while air temperature was lower.Also,Q10 of terrestrial ecosystem in China was lower than that of other countries.Rs displayed a significant seasonal variation.Rs of different ecosystems presented a similar changing trend with Q10.There was seasonal dynamics of monthly Rs along latitude and longitude gradients.Additionally,the seasonal amplitude of Rs increased with increasing longitude.Between 1995 and 2004,the Rs in China,with an average value of 3.84 Pg C.a-1,contributed 4.87% to the global soil CO2emission.

关 键 词：土壤呼吸 自养呼吸 异养呼吸 温度敏感性 时空格局 陆地生态系统 中国 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]