对叶百部生品及蜜炙品不同极性部位止咳化痰作用比较  

The Difference in Antitussive and Expectorant Activity between the Different Polar Franctions of Crude and Processed Stemona tuberose

作　　者：陈晓霞[1] 鞠成国[1] 夏林波[1] 魏熙婷[1] 贾天柱[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学国家中医药管理局中药炮制重点研究室,辽宁省中药炮制工程技术研究中心,辽宁大连116600

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2012年第3期146-149,共4页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：2010,2011年中医药行业科研专项项目(201107007)

摘　　要：目的:比较对叶百部生、炙品不同极性部位止咳化痰作用差异性,为百部作为止咳类药物发挥传统功效时生熟用药提供实验支持,为进一步揭示百部蜜炙原理奠定基础。方法:清洁级昆明种小鼠200只,随机分为20组,10只/组,雌雄各半。第1组为空白对照组,ig给予生理盐水;第2组为阳性对照组,ig给予可待因6 mg.kg-1;其他组为给药组,给药容积为10 mL.kg-1。给药小鼠给药前禁食8 h,禁水2 h,连续给药2 d,末次给药后1 h,采用小鼠氨水引咳法,对对叶百部生品及蜜炙品的不同部位,包括水煎液、总生物碱提取物及非生物碱提取液(各设3个剂量,按生药量计均为20,10,5 g.kg-1)的止咳作用进行比较。取昆明种小鼠200只,随机分为20组,10只/组,雌雄各半。第1组为空白对照组,ig给予生理盐水;第2组为阳性对照组,ig给予氯化氨40 mg.kg-1;其他组为给药组,给药剂量为10 mL.kg-1。给药小鼠给药前禁食8 h,禁水2 h,连续给药2 d,末次给药后0.5 h,采用气管酚红法,研究生、炙品不同极性部位化痰效果。结果:与空白组对比,对叶百部生品不同部位均具有显著的止咳作用(P<0.05,P<0.01,或P<0.001),而炙品的水煎液及总生物碱提取物有显著的止咳作用(P<0.05,P<0.01,或P<0.001),但其非碱部分只有高剂量有显著的止咳作用(P<0.001)。对于对叶百部生、炙品相同极性部位比较,发现生、炙品水煎液中剂量及高剂量之间均有显著差异(P<0.05),而总碱提取物低剂量和中剂量有显著性差异(P<0.05),非生物碱提取液仅高剂量有显著性差异(P<0.05),均显示炙品止咳活性强于生品。化痰实验仅生品水煎液高剂量和炙品水煎液高剂量有显著的效果(P<0.05),其他均和空白组之间无显著差异。结论:对叶百部蜜炙后止咳作用增强的主要部位为总生物碱提取物部位及水煎液部位,而其化痰作用生、炙品均较弱,说明百部不是通过化痰起到止咳功效。Objective： To comprave the difference in antitussive and expectorant activity between the different polar fractions of crude and processed Stemona tuberose Lour to support the traditional theory of honey-stir-baked S.tuberose.Method： The antitussive activity and the expectorant activity of different polar fractions of crude and processed S.tuberose,including water solution,total alkaloids and non-alkaloids were observed,the antitussive activity can be drawn by ammonia inducing cough and the expectorant activity be depended on detecting the quantity of phenolsulfonphthalein excretion in rat.Result： Compared with the black group,the different polar fractions of crude and honey-stir-baked Baibu showed distinct antitussive action（P0.05,P0.01 or P0.001）,except for the low and middle dose of the non-alkaloids.Otherwise,the high and middle dose of water solution,the middle and low dose of total alkaloids,the high dose of non-alkaloid in crude and processed S.tuberose,showed distinct difference（P0.05）.The antitussive activity of processed Baibu was more significant than the crude one.However,the result of expectorant experiment showed only the high dose of water solution of crude Baibu and the high dose of processed one had expectorant activity.Conclusion： The main position which strengthen antitussive activity after honey-stir-baked is the water solution and total alkaloids,neither crude nor processed S.tuberose showed strong expectorant activity,the conclusion can be drawn that the antitussive efficacy of S.tuberose is not in reducing the adhesiveness airway secretions.

关 键 词：对叶百部 不同极性部位 止咳化痰 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]