持续卧床2小时受压部位压力及血流灌注的测量与分析  

Measurement of interface pressure and local blood perfusion measured after 2-h bed confinement

作　　者：孙艳[1] 崔飞飞[1] 张龙[1] 代彦丽[1] 张纯瑜[1] 姜丽萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医学院护理学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2012年第3期39-41,共3页

基　　金：温州市科技局社会发展科学研究基金项目(Y20090007)

摘　　要：目的了解持续卧床期间不同卧位体表压力对皮肤血流灌注的影响,探讨局部皮肤血流变化的差异,为压疮的防治提供依据。方法随机抽取20名健康志愿者,进行侧卧位、仰卧位或半坐卧位局部压力的测量,并监测皮肤血流灌注变化。结果不同卧位其相同受压局部的压力存在差异(P<0.05,P<0.01),其中半坐卧位时骶尾部压力最高;持续卧床1h时,各卧位局部血流灌注状况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);持续卧床2h时,仰卧位与半坐卧位骶尾部血流灌注状况差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);随卧床时间的延长,3种卧位局部皮肤血流灌注均显著减少(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论持续卧床期间,卧床时间和体表压力均影响皮肤血流灌注状况;医护人员应加强对卧床患者体表压力及皮肤血流灌注状况的监测,以获取压疮预警信息,采取针对性预防措施,以减少或避免压疮的发生。Objective To determine the impact of interface pressure in different recumbent positions on skin blood perfusion,to explore changes of local skin blood flow,and to provide information for pressure ulcer prevention. Methods Twenty healthy volunteers were randomly chosen and asked to lie in lateral,supine or semi-recumbent position to measure the interface pressure at predilection sites,and local skin blood perfusion was monitored. Results The interface pressures of the same pressed sites showed significant differences among the three positions（P0.05,P0.01）,and the highest pressure was found at the sacrococcygeal region in semi-recumbent position.Skin blood perfusion at predilection sites had significant differences among different lying positions after 1 h（P0.05,P0.01）;significant difference was found in the skin blood perfusion at sacrococcygeal region between supine and semi-recumbent position after 2 h（P0.01）;for all 3 lying positions,skin blood perfusion was significantly reduced with the prolongation of lying time（P0.05,P0.01）. Conclusion Duration of bed confinement and interface pressure both affect skin blood perfusion.Medical staff should strengthen monitoring of interface pressure and skin blood perfusion of patients confined to bed,to detect pressure ulcers more early and take preventive measures,so as to decrease or avoid pressure ulcers.

关 键 词：持续卧床 卧位 压力 血流灌注 压疮 

分 类 号：R471[医药卫生—护理学]