铝合金铸造中超声振动工具杆端面形状研究  

Effects of Tip-shape of Ultrasonic Radiator on Microstructure of Aluminum Alloy

作　　者：郭东柱[1] 李晓谦[1] 陈鼎欣[1] 崔莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学机电工程学院

出　　处：《特种铸造及有色合金》2011年第10期969-973,共5页Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2010CB713706)

摘　　要：为了解工具杆端面形状对超声铸造过程的影响,根据超声波在固/液界面的折、反射原理,设计出平面、球面、锥面3种不同端面形状的超声波工具杆。对3种工具杆分别进行水模拟试验和7050铝合金铸造试验,通过水模拟试验发现平端面的工具杆空化和声流作用强度最高,空化作用最为集中,声波辐射范围最小;球端面工具杆空化和声流作用范围和强度都比较大,空化作用范围较集中;圆锥端面工具杆的空化和声流作用强度最低,声波辐射范围最大,声波强度衰减最快。通过7050铝合金铸造试验,发现平端面工具杆铸件的金相组织细化效果最好,其次为球端面,圆锥端面最差。Three kinds of ultrasonic radiators with plane,spherical and conical shape were designed based on ultrasonic refraction and reflection theory at liquid/solid interface to understand the effects of end-shape on microstructure of aluminum alloy. Water simulation and 7050 aluminum alloy casting test were conducted,respectively,with three kinds of ultrasonic radiators. The water simulation results reveal that maximum cavitation and acoustic streaming intensity with the smallest radiation radius can be observed with the plane ultrasonic radiator,while the larger cavitation and acoustic stream effects with a larger radiation radius can be observed with the spherical ones,and the weakest cavitation and acoustic effects with the maximum radiation radius and the fastest attenuation velocity can be described with the conical ones. The effect orders of three kinds of ultrasonic radiator on the microstructure of 7050 aluminum alloy are as follows：plane tip,spherical ones,conical ones.

关 键 词：超声波工具杆 铝合金铸造 端面形状 超声波折反射 空化 声流 

分 类 号：TG292[金属学及工艺—铸造]