碳化钙骨架碳负极材料的制备及电化学性能  

Preparation and electrochemical performance of calcium carbide skeleton carbon anode material for lithium ion battery

作　　者：李姣姣[1] 王先友[1] 杨顺毅[1] 龙晚妹[1] 王宏[1] 白俐[1] 吴强[1] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学化学学院环境友好化学与应用教育部重点实验室,湘潭411105

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2011年第12期3087-3093,共7页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20871101);国家科技部科技计划项目(2009GJD20021);湖南省科技厅重点项目(2009WK2007);湖南省自然科学市州联合基金重点项目(09JJ8001)

摘　　要：以碳化钙为原料、新鲜氯气为刻蚀剂，在400～700℃范围内制备碳化钙骨架碳作为锂离子电池新型负极材料。用X射线衍射（XRO）、扫描电镜（SEM）、氮气吸附实验、恒流充放电、交流阻抗（EIS）等对碳化钙骨架负极材料进行表征及电化学性能测试，并探讨制备温度对碳化钙骨架碳结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明：所有温度下制备的碳化钙骨架碳均为无定形碳材料，但随着制备温度的升高，材料出现部分石墨化倾向；600℃制备的碳化钙骨架碳具有良好的电化学性能，在0．1C充放电时，首次放电比容量为890．9mA·h／g，可逆容量为335．4mA·h／g，循环30次后的可逆容量为266．8mA·h／g。The calcium carbide-derived-carbon was synthesized from CaCz in a freshly prepared chlorine environment at the temperature range of 400-700 ℃. The influences of temperature on the structure and electrochemical properties of calcium carbide-derived-carbon were studied, and the properties of sample were characterized by X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, nitrogen sorption experiment, constant current charge-discharge and AC impedance, respectively. The results show that all the calcium carbide-derived-carbons are disorder carbon. The carbide-derived-carbon appears partly graphitization tendency with the increase of the temperature. The carbide-derived-carbon synthesized at 600 ℃ has good electrochemical performance. It delivers lithium insertion and deinsertion capacities of 890.9 mA.h/g and 335.4 mA.h/g, respectively, during the first cycle at a rate of 0.1 C, and the deinsertion capacity is 266.8 mA-h/g after 30 cycles.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 负极材料 无定形碳 骨架碳 电化学性能 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]