互不溶Sn-Al合金中自发生长Sn纳米线及其作为锂离子电池负极的电化学性能(英文)  

Sn nanowires self-grown on the immiscible Sn-Al alloys and their electrochemical properties as Li-ion battery anode

作　　者：胡仁宗[1] 刘辛[1] 曾美琴[1] 刘江文[1] 朱敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学,材料科学与工程学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2011年第6期494-504,共11页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.50971060);高等学校博士点专项科研基金(No.200805610008)

摘　　要：本文介绍互不溶Sn-Al合金表面上Sn纳米线(直径为100～500 nm)自发生长的两种情况,它们都不需要模板和催化剂。通过SEM、TEM分析和对Al、Sn相的相互作用机理研究表明,这些Sn纳米线具有[200]生长方向,它们的生长与Sn熔点和Al-Sn共晶点的差异,以及Sn-Al合金(块体、薄膜)中存在的残余压应力有关。将含有Sn纳米线的Sn-Al薄膜作为锂离子电池负极材料进行电化学测试,在0.3～1.5 V vs.Li/Li+(Li/Li+为对电极和参比电极)电压范围循环时,它的稳定可逆容量为300 mAh/g。通过与纯Sn薄膜负极比较研究可知,Sn纳米线的一维特征有利于改善Li+的扩散动力学,从而提高Sn-Al薄膜电极的电化学性能。Sn nanowires,with diameter of 100-500 nm,have been grown on the surface of immiscible Sn-Al alloys by two new ways without templates and catalysts.The microstructures have been studied by SEM and TEM and the interaction mechanism between Al and Sn phases has been proposed.It is found that the Sn nanowires grow along direction and their growth is due to the difference between melt temperature of Sn and eutectic temperature of Al-Sn alloy,as well as the presence of residual compress stresses in the Sn-Al sinter and film.The Sn nanowires in the Sn-Al film are checked as electroactive materials for Li,which have a reversible capacity in the order of 300mAh/g by limiting the cycling voltage ranges between 0.3 and 1.5 V vs.Li/Li＋.Comparing with pure Sn film electrode,the one dimensional（1D） characteristic of the Sn nanowires facilitate Li ion diffusion kinetics and enhanced the electrochemical properties associated with the Sn-Al film electrode containing Sn nanowires.

关 键 词：互不溶体系 Sn-Al合金 纳米线 应力 锂离子电池 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]