楸树无性系表型识别特征与遗传变异  

Genetic Variation and Identification of Phenotypic Characteristics of Clones of Catalpa bungei

作　　者：贠慧玲 王军辉[2] 张宋智 马建伟 赵秋玲 马丽娜 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省小陇山林业科学研究所,天水741022 [2]国家林业局林木培育重点实验室(中国林业科学研究院林业研究所)

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2012年第2期34-38,46,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201104001);国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD24B0801)

摘　　要：对楸树无性系皮孔、叶痕、树皮3个方面进行了研究,结果表明:皮孔密度平均为2.836个/cm2,变幅为1.80～5.24个/cm2,遗传变异系数为28.3%,重复力为0.909。皮孔平均大小为8.50 mm2,变幅为4.91～11.97mm2,遗传变异系数为23.7%,重复力为0.748。楸树无性系皮孔密度、大小的变异系数和重复力均较大,受遗传因素影响较强。皮孔密度和大小、叶痕密度和大小均分为3类:密度(密集型、较密集型、疏散型);大小(大、中、小);树皮分类:开裂型、光滑型;皮孔形状分为:狭长椭圆形、椭圆形、近圆形。相关分析表明,皮孔密度与皮孔长、皮孔宽、皮孔大小、树高、胸径均呈极显著负相关。但皮孔的大小与树高、胸径呈极显著正相关,5 cm2面积上的皮孔总面积与树高、胸径呈负相关。树高、胸径与叶痕面积呈极显著正相关。树高、胸径与叶痕密度呈极显著负相关。皮孔密度对树干的开裂影响较大,皮孔密度大的无性系树干开裂。皮孔密度与叶痕密度呈极显著正相关,与叶痕大小呈显著负相关,即皮孔密度大的无性系叶痕密度也大。楸树无性系的皮孔性状与叶痕性状的变异是一致的。利用皮孔、叶痕、树皮3个表型性状能够简单的识别无性系。An experiment was performed to study the lenticel,cicatricle,and bark of clones of Catalpa bungei.Results showed that the lenticel density ranged from 1.80 to 5.24 individuals per square centimeter,with an average of 2.836,and the genetic variation coefficient and repeatability were 28.3% and 0.909 respectively.The lenticel size ranged from 4.91 to 11.97 mm2,with an average of 8.50 mm2,and the genetic variation coefficient and repeatability were 23.7% and 0.748 respectively.The variable coefficient and repeatability of lenticel density and size of clones of C.bungei are higher,and the lenticel density and size are strongly influenced by genetic factors.Lenticel and cicatricle densities are classified into three types,namely intensive,more intensive,and scattered types,while lenticel and cicatricle sizes are also classified into three types,namely large,medium,and small.The bark of C.bungei can be divided into cracking type and smooth type,while the shape of lenticels can be divided into three classes,namely narrow oval,oval,and nearly round.Correlation analysis shows that there are highly significant negative correlations between lenticel density and lenticel length,lenticel width,lenticel size,tree height,diameter at breast height（DBH）.Highly significant positive correlations were observed between lenticel size and tree height and DBH,and negative correlations between total area of lenticels in 5 cm2 and tree height,DBH.Tree height and DBH are significantly positive correlated with cicatricle area,and significantly negative correlated with cicatricle density.Lenticel density has a bigger influence on trunk crack,and the trunk of the clones with large lenticel density is easy to crack.Lenticel density is significantly positive correlated with cicatricle density,and significantly negative correlated with cicatricle size.The genetic variations in lenticel characteristics and cicatricle characteristics of clones of C.bungei are consistent.Clones of C.bungei could be identified by lenticel,cicatricle,and bark.

关 键 词：楸树 无性系 皮孔 叶痕 树皮特征 

分 类 号：S722.31[农业科学—林木遗传育种]