阿拉善地区不同植被生境中鼠类栖息地选择的特性  

Characteristics of Choice of Habitats for Rodents in Different Plant Vegetation in Alashan

作　　者：王利清[1] 武晓东[2] 付和平[2] 甘红军[3] 杨玉平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所/农业部草原资源与生态重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [3]内蒙古阿拉善盟草原工作站,内蒙古巴彦浩特750306

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2012年第1期37-42,共6页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31160096);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国农业科学院草原研究所)资助项目(2010-Z-2)

摘　　要：2002～2007年,在阿拉善荒漠区选择开垦区、轮牧区、过牧区和禁牧区四种植被生境,采用标志重捕法研究不同植被生境中鼠类栖息地选择的特性。结果表明:6个年度中啮齿动物群落的优势种群在四种不同植被生境中各不相同,各个群落的组成种类和主要种类的数量有较大变化;6年中不同植被生境中啮齿动物群落组成种的年平均种数为轮牧区=过牧区=禁牧区>开垦区。不同植被生境中主要组成种变化较大:开垦区为长爪沙鼠、黑线仓鼠;轮牧区为子午沙鼠、小毛足鼠;过牧区为三趾跳鼠、五趾跳鼠;禁牧区为小毛足鼠。长爪沙鼠在开垦区与其他三种干扰区间有极显著差异(P<0.01),而在其他三种干扰区间无差异;三趾跳鼠在过牧区与其他三种干扰区间有极显著差异(P<0.01)。The four kinds of sites in four different vegetation habitats were selected in the typical re- gion of the Alashan Desert of Inner Mongolia in 2002-2007, i.e. a farmland area, a rotational-grazing ar- ea, a over-grazing area and a prohibited-grazing area. The choice characteristics of habitats of rodents was studied by using mark-recapture methods. The results showed that：There were different dominant popula- tion in four different vegetation habitats in six years. There were large differences in both the number of species and number of main population in the rodent communities in four different vegetation habitats. The number of species in the rodent communities was much less and the annual average number of component species in the rodent communities was as follows, rotational-grazing area~ over-grazing area= prohibited- grazing area~ farmland area in marking sites. The component species number in rodent community was prominently different in four different vegetation habitats and showed as follows：Meriones unguiculatus, Cricetulus barabensis on the farmland area; Meriones meridianus ,Phodopus roborovskii on the rotational- grazing area; Dipus sagitta, Allactaga sibirica on the over-grazing area; Phodopus roborovskii on the prohibited-grazing area. Meriones unguiculatus on the farmland area was significantly different from the other 3 disturbance areas and there were not different between the other 3 disturbance areas（P〈0.01）. Dipus sagitta on the over-grazing area was significantly different from the other 3 disturbance areas（P〈0.01）.

关 键 词：啮齿动物 群落 种群 人为干扰 荒漠 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]