围产儿出生缺陷的监测与分析  

Monitoring and analysis of perinatal birth defect

作　　者：梁海丽[1] 陈源鸿[1] 王丽平[1] 蔡娟[1] 温新创[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东医学院附属南山医院,广东深圳518052

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2012年第1期50-53,62,共5页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2002-2010年围产儿出生缺陷流行病学特征及影响因素。方法以2002-2010年广东医学院附属南山医院分娩信息及出生缺陷的监测资料为基础,对缺陷率及影响因素进行分析。结果 9年间出生缺陷率为15.88‰,2007年后缺陷率明显增高;缺陷儿死亡占围产儿死亡的24.88%;前五位出生缺陷依次为先天性心脏病、多指+并指、总唇腭裂、胎儿水肿综合征、神经管畸形,共占畸形总数的52.55%;出生缺陷发生与户籍、性别、季节、胎数及产妇年龄、文化程度、孕次、产次有关。结论出生缺陷防控形势严峻,应深入开展主要缺陷的病因学研究,以提供有效的防控措施;而广泛的健康教育,婚前、孕前优生优育指导,规范化孕产期保健及新生儿体检都是降低出生缺陷,提高人口素质的重要措施。Objective Analysis of epidemiology and influencing factors of perinatal birth defects from 2002 to 2010. Method The defect rate of perinatal birth and influencing factors were analyzed based on the birth defect surveillance data and the birth information from Nanshan Hospital,Guangdong Medical College. Results The birth defect rate was 15.88‰ over the period of nine years,and it was significantly increased since 2007.The death rate of defect birth accounted for 24.88% of the total perinatal death. The top birth defects were congenital heart disease, multi-fingered and jointed fingered, total cleft lip and palate, fetal edema syndrome, and neural tube malformations, accounted for 52.55% of total birth defects. The birth defect was related to residence origin of the parents, gender and number of the neonates, season of the birth,as well as pregnant times,delivery times,age and education levels of the pregnant women. Conclusion The control of birth defect is critical.Further investigations on the etiology of birth defect are needed to provide effective prevention and control strategies.Extensive health education and guidance on marriage and pregnancy,prenatal and post natal cares,and physical examination on neonates are the effective ways to reduce the rate of birth defects and increase the quality of population.

关 键 词：出生缺陷监测 发生率 围产儿 危险因素 

分 类 号：R172[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]