阻燃化改性海泡石纤维的制备及其结构与性能  

Preparation,structure and properties of sepiolite fiber by flame retardancy modification

作　　者：李少光 胡小平[1,2] 王玉忠[2] 谢长琼 贺小春 

机构地区：[1]四川省非金属复合与功能材料重点实验室一省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,绵阳621010 [2]高分子材料工程国家重点实验室四川大学,成都610064

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2012年第1期73-78,共6页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50973091);高分子材料工程国家重点实验室开放课题基金(KF200907)

摘　　要：采用具有高活性端基的膨胀型阻燃剂3,9-二氯-2,4,8,10-四氯代-3,9-二磷螺环-3,9-二氧-[5.5]-十一烷(SPDPC)-己二胺共聚物(PSPHD)对海泡石纤维(SEP)进行阻燃化接枝改性,并对改性海泡石纤维(PSPHD-SEP)的结构及热性能进行了SEM、TEM、XPS、FTIR、XRD、TGA和DTG测试。采用熔融共混制备了SEP/LDPE(低密度聚乙烯)和PSPHD-SEP/LDPE复合材料。SEM和TEM显示,接枝前后海泡石纤维表面形貌有明显变化。XPS、FTIR和XRD分析表明,阻燃齐聚物PSPHD通过与SEP表面羟基反应对其进行阻燃接枝改性,这对SEP纤维的结构有一定影响,但并未造成结构的根本破坏。TGA和DTG测试分析表明,阻燃接枝改性改变了海泡石纤维的热分解历程,证明在海泡石表面确实发生了接枝反应。当PSPHD-SEP的质量分数为5%时,PSPHD-SEP/LDPE复合材料的极限氧指数值(LOI)可达23。An intumescent flame retardant 3, 9 - dichloro- 2, 4, 8, 10- tetraoxa- 3, 9 - diphosphaspiro- [5. 5] undecane- 3, 9- dioxide （SPDPC）- hexamethylendiamine copolymer （PSPHD） molecules containing active end- group were grafted onto the sepiolite （SEP） surface via condensation between acryl chloride of PSPHD and hydroxyl groups existed on sepiolite surface successfully. The modified sepiolite were characterized by SEM, TEM, XPS, FTIR, XRD, TGA. SEP/LDPE and PSPHD - SEP/LDPE composites were prepared by melt blending. SEM and TEM photographs illustrate that the surface morphology of sepiolite changes rapidly. The results of XPS, FTIR and XRD show a grafting modification effect on the structure of SEP~ but no destruction. The results of TGA and DTG confirm that there really exists a grafting reaction between PSPHD and SEP, the thermal degradation process of SEP change through graftion. The limiting oxygen index （LOI） test results indicate that the flame retardancy of LDPE can he improved with the addition of PSPHD - SEP or SEP, the LOI value of PSPHD - SEP /LDPE composite reaches 23 with 5% mass fraction of PSPHD - SEP.

关 键 词：海泡石纤维 膨胀型阻燃剂 接枝 表征 性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]