不同水分胁迫下保水剂与肥料混合对苗木蒸腾速率的影响  

Effect of Saplings' transpiration rate in different conditions of water stress by using super absorbent polymers(sap) and fertilizer mixture

作　　者：李振[1] 王百田[1] 曹晓阳[1] 曹远博[1] 王文静[1] 赵铭军[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国石化管道储运公司,江苏徐州221008

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2011年第24期50-53,共4页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划专题研究资助项目(2006BAD03A0301)

摘　　要：以核桃、山杏、刺槐、毛白杨幼苗为试材,采用正交试验设计,将不同比例的保水剂和肥料混合,控制土壤水分,进行盆栽试验,测定了不同树苗的蒸腾速率和叶水势。结果表明:土壤含水量在9%时,15 g保水剂、1 g聚天门冬氨酸、10 g复合氮肥混合配方能提高核桃幼苗的蒸腾速率,土壤含水量在7%时,10 g复合氮肥能提高山杏幼苗的蒸腾速率,土壤含水量在15﹪时,20 g保水剂、0.5 g聚天门冬氨酸、10 g复合氮肥混合配方能提高刺槐幼苗的蒸腾速率,土壤含水量在15%时,15 g保水剂、1.5g聚天门冬氨酸、5 g复合氮肥混合配方能提高毛白杨幼苗的蒸腾速率;当受到不同程度的土壤水分胁迫时,苗木幼苗蒸腾速率与叶水势之间的关系可以拟合为指数函数:T=ae-bψ;树种、保水剂、复合氮肥、土壤含水量对苗木蒸腾速率影响显著,土壤含水量在7%～9%时,加入15 g保水剂、1 g聚天门冬氨酸、10 g复合氮肥混合配方的山杏对土壤中有效水分的吸收最容易。Taking Juglans regia,Prunus sibirica,Robinia pseudoacacia and Populus tomentosa as materials,the orthogonal experiment was carried out with different conditions of water stress by using Super Absorbent Polymers and fertilizer mixture.The test was pot experiment.During the experiment,the saplings＇ transpiration rate and leaf water potential was observed.The results showed that the mixture of 15 g SAP,1g polyaspartic acid and 10 g fertilizer could improve Juglans regia＇ transpiration rate with soil moisture content of 9%.10g fertilizer could improve Prunus sibirica＇ transpiration rate with soil moisture content of 7%.The mixture of 20 g SAP,0.5 g polyaspartic acid and 10 g fertilizer could improve Robinia pseudoacacia＇ transpiration rate with soil moisture content of 15%.The mixture of 15 g SAP,1.5 g polyaspartic acid and 5 g fertilizer could improve Populus tomentosa＇ transpiration rate with soil moisture content of 15%.The relationship between saplings＇ transpiration rate and leaf water potential in different conditions of water stress was exponential function： T=ae-bψ;Species,SAP,fertilizer and soil moisture content impacted saplings＇ transpiration rate obviously.Prunus sibirica absorbed soil available water most easily if it was applied mixture（15g SAP,1g polyaspartic acid and 10g fertilizer） and soil moisture content was within the limits of 7%～9%.

关 键 词：水分胁迫 保水剂 肥料 蒸腾速率 叶水势 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]