采伐方式对海南岛霸王岭热带山地雨林恢复的影响  

Effect of Different Commercial Logging Manners on Recovery of Tropical Montane Rain Forests in Bawangling,Hainan Island

作　　者：丁易[1] 臧润国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《林业科学》2011年第11期1-5,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(200904028;201104029-01);中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所所长基金(CAFRIFEEP201103)

摘　　要：比较3种采伐方式(重复采伐、径级择伐和采育择伐)对海南岛霸王岭热带山地雨林恢复群落中物种多样性、群落结构和功能群组成的影响。结果表明:3种方式采伐后(20～25年)的山地雨林恢复群落物种丰富度呈增加趋势,主要表现为小径级(胸径<10cm)的长寿命先锋种增加;与老龄林相比,径级采伐和采育择伐没有增加伐后林中成年树的物种丰富度;3种采伐恢复林中幼树和小树的物种累积速度低于老龄林;森林采伐后恢复群落中的个体密度显著高于老龄林,但胸高截面积显著低于老龄林;伐后林群落中胸高截面积减少最多的为采育择伐,其次为径级择伐和重复采伐;森林采伐恢复群落内长寿命先锋种的物种丰富度、个体密度和胸高截面积均增加,而后期耐荫种物种丰富度变化较小;采育择伐在短期降低了森林木材蓄积量,但没有显著改变群落中功能群组成,因而能够在相对较短的时间内恢复到干扰前的水平。We assessed the natural recovery after commercial logging with different manners, including repeatedly logging, selective logging, and managed selective logging in montane rain forests of Bawangling on Hainan Island. Our result showed that commercial logging enhanced species abundance of recovery communities in the tropical montane rainforest, due mainly to the increase of species richness of small stems （10 cm DBH）. The stems in logged forests were significantly more than old-growth forests, but the basal area of logged forests was apparently less than old-growth forests. Rates of species accumulation of saplings and young trees in forests after logging were less than those in old growth forests. After approximate 20-25 years of succession, the community structure of forests after managed selective logging was similar to the old-growth forest. The long-lived pioneer species richness, stems density, and basal area increased significantly in the forests after logged, especially after repeatedly logging. However, there was little variation in species richness proportion of late succession and shade-tolerant species among different forest communities. Those logged forests with selective logging and managed selective logging had higher recovery potential and rate, but it took time to recover to pre-logged forests level.

关 键 词：采伐方式 森林更新 物种多样性 功能群 热带林 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]