鸟类栖息地研究进展  

A Review on Avian Habitat Research

作　　者：杨勇[1] 温俊宝[1] 胡德夫[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《林业科学》2011年第11期172-180,共9页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目(109021);新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0224)

摘　　要：从研究方法、栖息地选择、栖息地评价、栖息地破碎化等方面对鸟类栖息地的研究进行总结。鸟类栖息地研究常用的方法有条带取样法和0.04hm2圆形地块法等,近年来3S等技术的应用,提高了研究效率,拓展了鸟类栖息地的研究领域;鸟类对栖息地的选择大多以植被等环境因子为基础,在不同空间尺度及不同季节和生活史阶段,鸟类栖息地选择的影响因素各不相同;在鸟类栖息地选择研究基础上,对鸟类栖息地进行适宜性评价及等级划分,可以为鸟类栖息地保护和恢复提供理论依据;栖息地破碎化会对鸟类生存和鸟类行为产生影响,从而影响鸟类种群的营巢成功率、繁殖成功率及鸟类群落分布。从研究对象、方法、内容等方面对国内鸟类栖息地研究进行展望。Study on wildlife habitats is one of the cornerstones of zoology; it can provide theoretical support and reference for resources management, artificial rearing and ex-situ conservation of endanger animals with insightful perspectives of the interaction between animals and habitats. This article reviewed comprehensively studies of bird habitats with aspects of methodologies, habitat selection and evaluation and habitat fragmentation. Traditionally, sampling techniques of strip sampling method and 0.04 hm2 circular plot were most frequently employed by researchers. However, application of 3S technology by more and more ornithologists remarkably promotes research efficiency and enlarges the scope of bird habitats. Birds select their habitats mainly based on vegetation type, and other affiliated factors which vary according to spatial scale, seasons and phases of bird＇s life history. Based on the habitat selection, researchers can evaluate the suitability of different habitats, propose a reasonable rank and provide theoretical reference for birds’ habitat conservation and restoration. Finally, the paper discussed the influence of habitat fragmentation on bird behavior, nesting success, breeding success and distribution of bird community. This article also predicted the trends of research object, method, content and other aspects of the domestic avian habitats.

关 键 词：鸟类 栖息地选择 适宜性评价 破碎化 

分 类 号：S718.63[农业科学—林学]