侗台语差比式的语序类型和历史层次  

Word Order Types and Historical Stratification of the Comparative Construction in Tai-Kaidai Languages

作　　者：吴福祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《民族语文》2012年第1期13-28,共16页Minority Languages of China

摘　　要：侗台语差比式具有"基准前置型"、"基准后置型"和"缺少标记型"三种类型。缺少标记型的"S-A-St"是侗台语差比式的固有层次;基准前置型和基准后置型是源自汉语的外来层次,前者是对汉语标准语"S-比-St-A"模式的复制,后者则源于粤语和平话差比式"S-A-过-St"的区域扩散。The comparative construction in Tai-Kadai languages has three alternative forms, namely, （a） ＂Preposing of standard＂, （b） ＂Postposing of standard＂, and （c） ＂Lack of marker＂. From perspectives of contact linguistics and linguistic typology, this paper argues that the type ＂Lack of marker＂, that is, the construction ＂S-Adj-St＂, is the inherent stratificaiton of comparative construction in Tai-Kadai languages, and that both the type ＂Preposing of standard＂ and the type ＂Postposing of standard＂ are foreign stratification transferred from Chinese, with the former replicating the pattern ＂S-pi（~）-St-Adj＂ in Mandarin Chinese and the latter replicating the pattern ＂S-Adj-kuo （-~）-St＂ in Cantonese through areal distribution.

关 键 词：侗台语 差比 历史层次 语序类型 汉语标准语 基准 前置 标记 

分 类 号：H272[语言文字—少数民族语言]