镉对小麦(Triticum aestivum)干物质积累、转移及籽粒产量的影响  

Effects of Cd on Accumulations and Translocation of Biomasses and Yield of Different Wheat(Triticum aestivum) Cultivars

作　　者：朱志勇[1] 李友军[1] 郝玉芬[2] 蒋瑞婕[1] 刘晓红[1] 刘露露[1] 张晓雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]山西农业大学文理学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2012年第2期252-258,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：科技部<国家粮食丰产科技工程>项目支持(2004BA520A-06)

摘　　要：采用大田试验以不同镉耐性的洛麦23(镉耐性弱)和中育10号(镉耐性强)为试验材料,研究了镉(0、10、50、100mg·kg-1)对不同镉耐性小麦品种干物质积累、干物质转移、叶面积指数及产量的影响。结果表明,一定浓度范围的Cd胁迫可以增加小麦的叶面积指数,当超过这一浓度范围则呈现为抑制作用,这一临界值因小麦品种不同而异。结果同时表明,一定浓度范围的Cd处理对小麦各器官的干物质积累及同化物转移同样具有促进作用,这一临界值不仅因小麦品种不同而异,也因器官不同而异。镉胁迫导致小麦籽粒产量下降,3个Cd处理下洛麦23籽粒产量较对照依次下降了8.3%、34.3%、51.6%,中育10号产量下降程度较小,依次下降了3.7%、9.5%、29.3%。整体而言,镉胁迫影响了小麦的正常生长发育,导致小麦减产。同时,这种影响也存在品种差异性,镉耐性较大的中育10号叶面积指数受抑制程度较小,干物质积累量较大,各器官同化物转移途径受Cd损伤较轻,最终在籽粒产量上表现优于镉耐性较弱的洛麦23。The effects of Cd on dry matter accumulation and transportation, leaf area indexes （LAI） and yields of wheat were studied under field condition by using two wheat varieties differing in Cd-tolerance, Zhongyu 10 and Luomai 23. Cd was added into soil at four levels, i.e. 0 （CK）, 10, 50 and 100 mg·kg^-1, respectively. The results showed that Cd stress increased wheat LAI under specific concentration, and then decreased wheat LAI exceeded the concentration, which was different for given wheat varieties. And Cd stress also had a same effect on dry matter accumulation and transportation of wheat, which critical Cd concentration was different for given wheat varieties and organ. Cd stress affected the wheat growth, development, and yield negatively. Compared with CK, the yield decreased 8.3%, 34.3%, and 51.6% for Luomai 23, 3.7%, 9.5%, and 29.3% for Zhongyu 10 under 10, 50, and 100 mg.kg-1 Cd, respectively. Under Cd stress, the LAI, dry matter accumulation and transportation were higher of high Cd-tolerance wheat variety, Zhongyu 10, than low Cd-tolerance wheat variety, Luomai 23.

关 键 词：小麦 Cd 镉耐性 干物质积累 叶面积指数 产量 

分 类 号：X503.231[环境科学与工程—环境工程]