犬急性梗阻性脑积水模型的建立与最佳治疗措施的实验研究  

The establishment of canine acute obstructive hydrocephalus model and experimental study of the best treatment

作　　者：刘广存[1] 孟祥靖[1] 李猛[1] 孙金龙[1] 张庆林[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省千佛山医院神经外科,济南250014 [2]山东大学医学院

出　　处：《中国综合临床》2012年第3期232-234,共3页Clinical Medicine of China

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金（ZR2009CL022,ZR2010HL010）

摘　　要：目的建立急性梗阻性脑积水动物实验模型，提高对急性梗阻性脑积水诱发的颅高压的病理生理学认识，探讨其快速有效的治疗措施。方法取成年健康杂种犬9只，经后颅窝手术向第四脑室注入氰基丙烯酸凝胶，诱导建立犬急性梗阻性脑积水模型；同时行侧脑室置管并连接固定于头皮下储液囊，动态测量实验犬的颅内压，并观察其神经功能的变化。结果6只犬形成急性梗阻性脑积水。诱导后48h颅内压为（48．2±6．1）emH2O，较诱导前的基础颅内压（12．3±3．1）cmH2O增高392％；72h颅内压为（56．4±5．7）emH2O，较诱导前增高459％，与诱导前颅内压相比差异有统计学意义（t：4．9867和5．6882，P均〈0．01）。结论该模型的建立成功率高、简便易行、可重复。既可动态观察颅内压变化，也可快速放出脑脊液，有效降低颅内压。脑室外引流是急性梗阻性脑积水最有效的治疗方法。Objective To gain more pathophysiolgic knowledge about acute obstructive hydrocephalus and to explore its rapid and effective treatment by establishing canine acute obstructive hydrocephalus model. Methods Acute obstructive hydrocephalus model was established by injecting cyan-acrylic gel glue into the fourth ventricle via posterior fosse craniotomy in 9 male adult mongrel dogs. At the same time, lateral ventricle catheterization were performed and were fixed on the scalp to connect reservoir bag so that the changes of intracranial pressure （ICP） could be measured dynamically, and the changes of neurological function were observed. Results Acute obstructive hydrocephalus model was successfully established in 6 of the total 9 dogs. ICP was （48.2 ±6. 1）cm H2O at 48 hours after the injection and was（56. 4 ±5.7）cm H2O at 72 hours after the injection, it increased 392% and 459 % respectively. And the ICP after injection was significantly different（ P 〈 0. 01 ）compared with that before injection （12. 3 ± 3.1 ）em H2O. Conclusion The establishment of acute obstructive hydrocephalus model has high success rate, and is easy to reduplicate; ICP could be measured dynamically and also could be reduced by releasing CSF;Thus , ventricular drainage is the most rapid and effective treatment for acute obstructive hydrocephalus.

关 键 词：脑积水 犬 颅内压 

分 类 号：R651.1[医药卫生—外科学]