宋代时间测量与计算  

Time measuring/calculating in Song dynasty

作　　者：滕艳辉[1] 唐泉[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学数学与科学史研究中心,西安710127 [2]咸阳师范学院数学与信息科学学院,咸阳712000 [3]西北大学中国思想文化研究所,西安710069

出　　处：《时间频率学报》2012年第1期57-64,共8页Journal of Time and Frequency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11073016);教育部人文社科青年资助项目(10YJCZH208);中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(200801435);西北大学研究生自主创新资助项目(10YZZ04)

摘　　要：介绍了中国古代计时系统中的时间单位及其换算。详细讨论了宋代(宋代是中国古代科技文化发达的历史时期)对回归年等基本天文常数的测算和昼夜时刻的定授。结合宋代历法,分析宋代气朔、没灭、日出晨昏等各种时刻的计算方法。指出:在宋代中国已经建立了完整的时间系统,它包括定时授时系统、观象测时系统和历法计时系统。The time units and time units transformation in the ancient Chinese timing system are introduced. The measure and calculation of the basic astronomical constants such as the tropical year, and the determination and time service of the circadian time for the Song dynasty, which is an ancient historical period with flourishing science and culture, are discussed in detail. The calculation method of the time moment such as Qi, new-moon, mo and mie days, times of sunrise and twilight for the Song dynasty are analyzed combined with the calendars of the Song dynasty. Finally, it is pointed out that a complete time system, which comprises a time service system, an observations system for time measuring and a calendar system for time calculating, had been established in the Song dynasty.

关 键 词：时间 冬至 没日 漏刻 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] P1-092[天文地球—天文学]