不同施肥时期对玉米产量和质量的影响  

Effects of Fertilizer Application by Different Stages on Yield and Quality of Maize

作　　者：尹梅[1] 洪丽芳[1] 付利波[1] 陈华[1] 王劲松 卢俊媛 苏帆[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南省曲靖市土肥站,云南曲靖655000

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第1期123-128,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BADA4B10)

摘　　要：采用田间小区试验研究了氮磷钾肥在作为基肥、苗肥和穗肥时不同的配比对玉米农学性状、产量和品质的影响。经过分区计产、考种和常规的玉米籽粒品质分析方法测定的结果表明,分期施用氮肥对玉米的生长影响大于磷钾肥的分期施用;有机肥、磷钾肥作为基肥一次性施入,氮肥分50%苗肥和50%穗肥施入的处理中玉米的经济性状好于其他处理,产量达到7 919.5 kg/hm2,是所有处理中最高的,该处理的玉米籽粒蛋白质、粗脂肪和赖氨酸含量高,分别达到14.96%,5.00%,0.34%;而有机肥、钾肥作基肥一次性施入,氮肥分20%基肥、30%苗肥和50%穗肥施入,磷肥分50%基肥和50%苗肥施入的处理玉米淀粉、可溶性糖和赖氨酸含量是所有处理中最高的,分别为67.23%,2.45%,0.34%。Field experiment was conducted to investigate effects of nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P） and potassium （K） fertilizer applications at different stages on agronomic traits, yield and quality of maize. The results indicated that effect of N fertilizer application by different stages on maize was more than effect of P and K fertilizer applications by different stages on maize by the means of field survey and in- door analysis. The economic traits of maize with the treatment of mature, P and K fertilizers applied once as base fertilizer, and N fertilizer applied as 50% seedling fertilizer and 50% ear fertilizer, was better than those with other treatments. And yield with the treatment is 7 919.5 kg/hm2 and is the highest in all treatments. Contents of protein, crude fat and lysine with the treatment are 14.96%, 5.00% and 0. 34%, and they are higher than these with other treatments. The contents of starch, sol- uble sugar and lysine in maize with the treatment of mature, K fertilizer applied once as base fertilizer, N fertilizer applied as 20% base fertilizer, 30% seedling fertilizer and 50% ear fertilizer, and P fertilizer applied as 50% base fertilizer and 50% seedling fertilizer, are 67.23% , 2.45% and 0. 34% and the highest in all treatments.

关 键 词：玉米 施肥时期 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]