外来水生植物再力花的化感作用探析  

Determination of Allelopathic Effect of Thalia dealbata—An Exotic Aquatic Plant

作　　者：缪丽华 王媛[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国湿地博物馆,浙江杭州310013 [2]浙江农林大学,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《湿地科学》2012年第1期81-86,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：中国湿地博物馆重点项目(CWM2010-W02);杭州市科技计划项目(20100933B18);浙江农林大学研究生科研创新基金项目(2112010021)资助

摘　　要：再力花(Thalia dealbata)是近年来在湿地造景中应用较广泛的外来水生植物。为探究该种植物是否对其他植物生长产生影响,采用种子萌发法,测定了再力花不同部位浸提液对3种敏感植物萝卜(Raphanus sativus)、白菜(Brassica chinensis)和黄瓜(Cucumis sativus)种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,再力花各个部位浸提液对3种植物种子的萌发率、根长、芽长、鲜质量和干质量都有不同程度的抑制作用,尤其是高浓度(50mg/mL)浸提液,对种子萌发和幼苗生长有显著的抑制作用(p<0.01)。再力花叶片浸提液浓度为50mg/mL时,对萝卜、黄瓜和白菜种子萌发的抑制率分别为39.51%、10.53%和85.19%;根状茎浸提液浓度为50mg/mL时,对萝卜、黄瓜和白菜幼根长度的抑制率分别为87.4%、71.23%和91.7%,对幼芽长度的抑制率分别为51.21%、45.71%和69.66%。再力花各个部位都有化感物质分布,根状茎浸提液的化感作用最强,其他部位依次为根、叶柄和叶片。Allelopathy is an important mechanism for exotic plants influencing on the growth of native plants.As an exotic aquatic plant,Thalia dealbata is widely used in landscape design during recent years.In order to testify whether Thalia dealbata would have negative effect on the growth of its surrounding plant species,extracts from different tissues of Thalia dealbata were isolated and,with the help of seed germination test,to determine their effects on seed germination and seedling growth among three sensitive species including turnip（Raphanus sativus）,Chinese cabbage（Brassica chinensis）and cucumber（Brassica chinensis）.The results indicated that the extracts from different parts of Thalia dealbata all had inhibition effect on the three test species,among which extract from leaf and rhizome tissue showed the most significant effect on seed germination and seedling growth, respectively.Leaf extract（50 mg/mL）significantly（p0.05）affected seed germination of test plants,but the extract of other plant parts with an inhibition rate of 30.49%to 40.26%for turnip,2.33%to 85.19%for Chinese cabbage and 0%to 10.53%for cucumber,respectively.Results also indicated that extracts from all parts of Thalia dealbata could inhibit seedling growth.Negative effects were detected in root length,shoot length,fresh mass and dry mass in the experiment on the three plants.And this effect of inhibition showed a positive correlation with the concentration of tissue extracts.High density extracts showed significantly（p0.01）inhibition on seedling growth.Inhibition rate of 50 mg/mL extract solution on root length was 51.21%for turnip,91.7%for Chinese cabbage and 45.71%for cucumber,and inhibition rate on shoot length was 51.21%,69.66%and 45.71%,respectively.Also it could be concluded that allelochemicals existed in all part of Thalia dealbata and the strongest allelopathic effect came from rhizome,followed by root,leafstalk and leaf tissue.

关 键 词：再力花 化感作用 种子萌发率 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]