显影机理的正电子化学研究  

POSITRON CHEMISTRY OF THE DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM

作　　者：宫竹芳[1] 张宜恒[1] 姜志全 徐绪国[1] 闫天堂[1] 俞书勤[2] 庄思永[3] 彭必先[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学应用化学系 [2]中国科学技术大学化学物理系,合肥230026 [3]华东理工大学精细化工研究所,上海200237 [4]中国科学院感光化学研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《感光科学与光化学》2000年第1期18-24,共7页Photographic Science and Photochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!资助课题 (批准号 :2 9876 0 3 8)

摘　　要：采用正电子湮没技术 (PAT)研究了照相明胶中的自由体积空穴在显影过程中的作用机理 ,为显影过程中银丝的生成机理探讨了一个新的模式 ,并为感光科学的研究拓展了一种新的研究技术和手段 .结果表明 :明胶的自由体积空穴的平均尺寸在显影过程中基本保持不变 .照相明胶的自由体积空穴在电子密度空间限制了银离子还原为银原子的过程 ,并使得银原子的沉积生长以丝状的形式进行 .照相明胶大分子结构和组份的复杂性导致了其自由体积空穴在空间分布无序混乱性 ,可能正是这种无序混乱性导致了银丝缠绕成团的松散空间结构 .The mechanism of action of free volume holes in photographic gelatin in developing processes was investigated by Positron Annihilation Technique(PAT) for the first time. In this work, a new mechanism has been proposed to account for the formation of silver thread in development. The application of PAT has introduced a new research technology and method into photographic science. The results showed that the average radius of free volume holes maintained constant on the whole in development. The free volume holes in gelatin may restrain the process of the silver ion to be reduced to silver atom in the space of the different electron cloud density, therefor the production and deposition of silver atom occurred in filamentary form. The free volume holes distributed over photographic gelatin macromolecule confusedly because of the complexity in structure and component. It is probably the confusion that leads to loose spatial structure of silver needle twisting into balls.

关 键 词：照相明胶 自由体积空穴 正电子湮没 显影机理 

分 类 号：TQ57[化学工程—精细化工]