反刍动物复合微量元素缓释丸及其在山羊瘤胃中代谢的研究  

Study on the Controlled-release Boluses on Trace Elements for Ruminants and Their Metabolism in Rumen of Goat

作　　者：何瑞国[1] 王玉莲[1] 姚艳平[1] 王胜林[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学畜牧兽医学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2000年第1期28-32,共5页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金和横向合作项目

摘　　要：筛选出５ 种无机化合物作为载体或溶解度调控剂与铜（Ｃｕ）硒（Ｓｅ）和钴（Ｃｏ）三种微量元素添加剂均匀混合后，在一定温度条件下溶解，经模型制成一定重量、圆形或椭圆的光滑丸子，经过体外模拟瘤胃条件的溶解试验后，从口投入安装瘤胃瘘管的三只山羊瘤胃中。然后从瘘管取瘤胃内容物测定微量元素释放量和挥发性脂肪酸（ＶＦＡ）以及采血测定微量元素。试验结果，在体外模拟条件下，Ｃｕ、Ｃｏ、Ｓｅ 释放速度分别为７．３３、０．３３ 和０．２１ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ；瘤胃内容物中Ｃｕ、Ｃｏ、Ｓｅ 释放速度分别为１１．３６、０．７３ 和０．１４ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ，比投丸前分别提高２．５８、３．８５ 和２．４４ 倍；瘤胃内容物乙酸、丙酸和丁酸分别比投丸前提高３３．９１％ 、６３．９５％ 和２０．５３％ ，合计平均提高３９．５２％ ；全血中Ｃｕ、Ｃｏ 和Ｓｅ 比投丸前分别提高２４．２５％ 、２３．１４％ 和４８．４８％ 。结果表明，制作工艺技术可行，丸的溶解度和微量元素释放速度是可控的，三种微量元素释放量能满足山羊的营养需要，并表明其可促进微生物活动，增加ＶＦＡ产量。Selecting five chemical as carrier or solubility-controlling medium and mixing them with copper(Cu),selenium(Se)and cobalt(Co).After melting at given temperature,molding into smooth surface boluses,which shapes were like ball or ellipse.The hydrolysis trial in vivo was conducted.The result showed that the mean released rate of copper,cobalt and selenium in the boluses were 7.33mg/kg, 0.33 mg/kg and 0.21mg/kg,respectively.After the hydrolysis trial,Each of three goats fitted rumen fistula were orally administered a initial bolus.Rumen contents and blood samples were collected from all goats to assay for copper,selenium,cobalt and volatile fatty acid(VFA).The results were as follow:after administering,the concentrations of Cu,Co and Se in rumen contents were 11.36mg/kg,0.73mg/kg and 0.14mg/kg,were 258%,385% and 244% higher than those of control;similarly,acetic acid,propionate and butyric acid were 33.91%,63.95%,20.53% higher than those of control,while blood copper,Selenium and cobalt concentrations were 24.25%,23.14% and 48.48% higher,respectively.The results showed that the technology of manufacture is feasible.The solubility of the boluses and released rate of trace elements were controlled.The released rate of the three trace elements can meet gosts'requirement.The boluses can promote the microbiobiology's active and increase output of VFA.

关 键 词：山羊 复合微量元素 缓释丸 瘤胃 反刍动物 饲料 

分 类 号：S827.5[农业科学—畜牧学]