高干病房老年住院患者基本需要状况调查  

Investigation of basic needs of geriatric patients in ward for high-ranking cadres

作　　者：修杰[1] 周英霞[2] 孙玉梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院南楼呼吸监护室,北京100853 [2]北京大学护理学院内外科教研室,100191

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2012年第3期290-292,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨老年住院患者各层基本需要的重要程度、满足程度及其相关因素。方法选取96例高干病房老年患者为研究对象，通过问卷形式调查其一般资料及对基本需要的重要程度及满足程度并统计比较。结果96例老年患者中，生理需要及安全需要重要程度得分最高，分别为（9．40±0．83），（9．67±0．87）分，其次为社交及尊重需要，分别为（7．17±2．47），（6．19±2．53）分，自我实现需要的重要程度得分最低为（3．58±2．27）分；在满足程度方面，以安全需要的得分最低为（2．54±0．94）分；老年患者生理需要，安全需要，社交需要及审美需要的重要程度与其满足程度无关（P〉0．05），尊重需要，认知需要及自我实现需要的重要程度与满足程度呈中度的负相关关系（r分别为-0．435，-0．535，-0．610；P〈0．05）；老年患者生理需要的重要程度与其年龄呈正相关（r=0．225，P〈0．05）；老年患者安全需要的满足程度与年龄呈负相关（r=-0．264，P〈0．05）而与其文化程度呈正相关（r=0．254，P〈0．05）。结论医护人员应重视老年患者的需求特点，在满足老年患者生理需要及安全需要的基础上，根据不同老年患者的需求特点满足其较高层次的需要。Objective To determine the importance and satisfaction of the basic needs of geriatric patients and their related factors. Methods A total of 96 geriatric patients were investigated with a scale that was designed according to Maslow＇ s hierarchy-of-needs theory. The survey content included general characteristic and the importance of basic needs and the satisfaction. Results On the importance of the basic needs, the physiological and the safety needs scored the highest （9.40 ± 0.83, 9.67±0.87 ） and the social needs and the esteem needs followed （ 7. 17 ± 2.47, 6. 19 ± 2.53 ） , the self-actualization needs scored the lowest （ 3.58 ± 2.27 ） ; On the satisfaction of the basic needs, the safety needs scored the lowest （ 2.54 ± 0.94）. The importance of the physiological needs, safety needs, social needs and aesthetic needs were not related to their satisfactions （ P 〉 0. 05 ） , while the importance of the esteem needs cognition needs and the actualization needs were negatively related to their satisfactions （r = -0. 435, -0. 535, -0. 610,respectively; P 〈 0.05 ）. The＂ importance of physiological need was positively related with age （ r = 0. 225, P 〈 0. 05 ） ; satisfaction of safe need was negatively related with age （r = -0. 264, P 〈 0. 05 ）, however, positively related with education degree （ r = 0. 254, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The characteristic of the basic needs of the geriatric patients should be paid attention. Nurses should satisfy not only the physiological needs and the safety needs, but also the higher level needs according to the characteristic of the needs of different geriatric patients.

关 键 词：老年人 基本需要 重要程度 满足程度 高干病房 住院患者 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]