水分胁迫后玉米茎节变化与产量和抗旱性的关系研究  

Correlations between Internode and Yield in Maize under Drought Stress

作　　者：李亮[1] 孙宝成[1] 刘成[1] 唐怀君[1] 王天宇[2] 黎裕[2] 石云素[2] 宋燕春[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2012年第1期16-21,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30960197);农业部保种专项

摘　　要：【目的】干旱是限制我国玉米生产的主要因素,研究干旱胁迫下茎节的生长变化及茎节与玉米产量的关系,为玉米抗旱性研究提供理论指导。【方法】采用控制浇水的方法,对严重干旱胁迫下玉米各节的节间长与节间干重进行调查;获得中度干旱胁迫下玉米单株产量数据,对玉米各节间变化与产量关系进行研究。【结果】在干旱胁迫下玉米株高与生物量的减少主要由于前7节节间长与节间干重的减少。在严重干旱胁迫下玉米节间长与节间干重受到明显抑制,且各节间的营养生长具有较高的相关性。相关分析发现严重干旱胁迫下第一节间长、第二节间长、第三节间长、第四节间长与中度干旱胁迫下单株粒重分别存在显著的正相关性;严重干旱胁迫下第一节间干重、第二节间干重与中度干旱胁迫下单株粒重分别存在显著的正相关性。【结论】干旱胁迫下玉米前期节的营养生长对后期节的生长存在持续的影响。严重干旱胁迫下玉米前四节的节间长与前二节的节间干重可以作为评价玉米抗旱性的参考性状。Maize production is often restricted by drought in China.In the present study changes of internode growth and the relations between the internodes and maize yield under drought stress were investigated,which could provide the guidance to drought tolerance research.【Method】Traits of internode length and internode dry weight under severe drought stress in the field and kernel weight per plant under medium drought stress were investigated to analyze correlations between internode the change and the yield.【Result】 Decreases of length and dry weight of the first seven internodes resulted in the reduction of plant height and biomass of maize under drought.Under severe drought stress the internode length and the internode dry weight were significantly affected,and the correlation analysis showed that the first internode length,the second internode length,the third internode length and the fourth internode length under severe drought stress had significant correlations with kernel weight per plant under medium drought stress.The results showed that the first internode dry weight and the second internode dry weight under severe drought stress existed significant had positive correlation with kernel weight per plant under medium drought stress.【Conclusion】 The growth of early internodes affected the growth of later internodes.The maize internode lengths from the first to the fourth internodes and the dry weights of the first and the second internodes under severe drought stress could be the secondary traits to evaluate drought tolerance in maize.

关 键 词：玉米 抗旱性 节间长度 节间干重 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学] S503.4